Last reviewed 2026-04-19 · How we verify

General anesthesia

Approved treatments

• Temaril
• Sulfentanyl · Shenzhen Third People's Hospital
• Succinylcholine Chloride · Novartis
  Succinylcholine Chloride works by mimicking the action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, causing a rapid depolarization of muscle fibers.
• Efrane · Baxter
• Acetadote · University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
• Versed · Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
• Chlordiazepoxide Hydrochloride · Bausch Health
• Zemuron · Fresenius Kabi
  Zemuron works by blocking the action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, preventing muscle contraction.
• Versed · Generic (originally Roche)
• Mivacron · AbbVie
• Cuvposa · Shionogi
  Cuvposa works by blocking the action of a chemical called acetylcholine, which stimulates the muscarinic receptors in the body.
• Fentanyl (F2) · Oslo University Hospital
• Nycoton
  Nycoton works by acting as a central nervous system depressant, slowing down brain activity to induce sleep or anesthesia.
• Fluoromar
  Fluoromar works by inducing unconsciousness and amnesia through its effects on the central nervous system.
• Rocuronium · Merck & Co.
  Rocuronium bromide competes for cholinergic receptors at the motor end-plate, antagonized by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
• Acetadote · Bristol-Myers Squibb
  Acetylcysteine reduces liver injury from acetaminophen overdose by maintaining glutathione levels or providing alternate conjugation substrate.
• pethidine
• Suprane · Baxter
• Diprivan · St. Antonius Hospital
• Glycopyrrolate · Yonsei University
• Acetylcystein · University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
• Nimbex · AbbVie
  Nimbex works by blocking the action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, preventing muscle contraction.
• pecazine
• Atracurium · Pfizer
  Nondepolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant that competitively antagonizes acetylcholine at motor end-plate cholinergic receptors.
• Allonal
• Amidate · Pfizer
• Duragesic · Johnson & Johnson (Janssen Pharmaceutica)
  Synthetic opioid 50-100x more potent than morphine that binds mu-opioid receptors, providing potent analgesia and anesthesia.
• Levo-Dromoran · Bausch Health
  Levorphanol binds primarily to mu-opioid receptors to produce analgesia, with no ceiling effect for pain relief.
• Pethidin · Ain Shams University
• Remifentanyl · Kocaeli University
• MS Contin · Generic (multiple manufacturers)
  The prototypical opioid agonist that binds mu-opioid receptors in the CNS, providing potent analgesia and serving as the reference standard for all opioids.
• Phenergan · Generic (originally Wyeth/Pfizer)
• L-cysteine · Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport
• Meperidine Hydrochloride Preservative Free · Pfizer
  Meperidine Hydrochloride Preservative Free works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain, altering the perception of and response to pain.
• Alfenta · Rising
• Nimbex · AbbVie
  Nimbex works by blocking the action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, preventing muscle contraction.
• Duramorph Pf · Pfizer
  Duramorph Pf works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, mimicking the natural pain-relieving chemicals in the body.
• Opana Er · Endo
• Forane · Baxter
• Tracrium Preservative Free
• Sufenta Preservative Free · Rising
  Sufentanil works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and other areas to produce pain relief.
• Bw-A938U
• Amobarbitone
• Nembutal Sodium · Oak Pharms
• Ketalar · Ph Health
  Ketamine works by blocking the action of glutamate at the NMDA receptor, which is involved in pain perception and memory formation.
• Cysteine Hydrochloride · Exela Pharma
• Brevital Sodium · Ph Health
• Diprivan · Fresenius Kabi
  Propofol produces sedative/anesthetic effects by positive modulation of inhibitory GABA function through GABA A receptors.
• Anestan
• Pentothal · Abbott

Clinical guidelines

• FDA label — adj
  Atracurium Besylate Injection, USP is indicated as an adjunct to general anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.
• FDA label — adj
  Atracurium Besylate Injection, USP is indicated as an adjunct to general anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.
• FDA label — adj
  Atracurium Besylate Injection, USP is indicated as an adjunct to general anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.
• FDA label — 1L
  Propofol injectable emulsion is indicated for induction of general anesthesia for patients greater than or equal to 3 years of age and maintenance of general anesthesia for patients greater than or equal to 2 months of age.
• FDA label — 1L
  Midazolam injection is indicated intravenously for induction of general anesthesia, before administration of other anesthetic agents.
• FDA label — adj
  Atracurium Besylate Injection, USP is indicated as an adjunct to general anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation.
• FDA label — adj
  Meperidine Hydrochloride can be used as an adjunct to general anesthesia.
• FDA label — adj
  Meperidine Hydrochloride can be used as an adjunct to local anesthesia.
• FDA label — 1L
  Midazolam injection is indicated intravenously for induction of general anesthesia, before administration of other anesthetic agents.

Competitive intelligence

For the full treatment-landscape CI brief — marketed leaders side-by-side, pipeline by phase, recent regulatory actions, sponsor landscape:

• General anesthesia patent landscape — cliff calendar, originator estates, attackable patents
• General anesthesia treatment landscape brief
• General anesthesia treatment updates RSS

Frequently asked questions about General anesthesia

Related

• Treatment landscape: General anesthesia patent cliff · General anesthesia CI report
• Treatment: Temaril
• Treatment: Sulfentanyl · Shenzhen Third People's Hospital
• Treatment: Succinylcholine Chloride · Novartis
• Treatment: Efrane · Baxter
• Treatment: Acetadote · University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
• All diseases: Browse the disease index · Disease landscape hub

Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing