Who is sponsoring NCT05357040?

NCT05357040 is sponsored by University of Chicago.

What drugs are being tested in NCT05357040?

Interventions in NCT05357040: Nitrous oxide gas for inhalation, Placebo.

What condition does NCT05357040 study?

NCT05357040 studies Major Depressive Disorder, Treatment Resistant Depression.

Is NCT05357040 still recruiting?

NCT05357040 is currently recruiting now. Last updated 12 January 2026.

Last reviewed 2026-01-12 · How we verify

NCT05357040

Name: Drug Landscape Pharmaceutical Database
Creator: Drug Landscape
Published: 2026-01-01
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Antidepressant Effects of Nitrous Oxide

Recruiting now Phase 2 Last updated 12 January 2026

What this trial tests

Phase 2 trial testing Nitrous oxide gas for inhalation in Major Depressive Disorder in 172 participants. Currently enrolling.

Timeline

30 June 2021

Primary endpoint
1 October 2026

1 December 2026

Quick facts

Lead sponsor	University of Chicago
Phase	Phase 2
Status	Recruiting now
Study type	INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation	randomized
Design	parallel
Masking	double
Primary purpose	treatment
Enrollment	172
Start date	30 June 2021
Primary completion	1 October 2026
Estimated completion	1 December 2026
Sites	2 locations across United States, Australia

Drugs / interventions tested

Nitrous oxide gas for inhalation — full drug profile →
Placebo

Conditions studied

Major Depressive Disorder — all drugs for Major Depressive Disorder →
Treatment Resistant Depression — all drugs for Treatment Resistant Depression →

Sponsor

University of Chicago

Who can join

18 and older, any sex, with Major Depressive Disorder or Treatment Resistant Depression. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Sponsor's own description

To evaluate the acute and sustained antidepressant effects of nitrous oxide in people with major depressive disorder; and further evaluate these effects by identifying the optimal dose and regimen to guide current practice, and to plan a future large pragmatic trial.

Publications & conference data

6 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

Ketamine in neuropsychiatric disorders: an update.
Johnston JN, Kadriu B, Kraus C, Henter ID, et al · · 2024 · cited 54× · PMID 37340091 · DOI 10.1038/s41386-023-01632-1
Emerging Medications for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Review with Perspective on Mechanisms and Challenges.
Lucido MJ, Dunlop BW. · · 2025 · cited 7× · PMID 40002494 · DOI 10.3390/brainsci15020161
Advancing past ketamine: emerging glutamatergic compounds for the treatment of depression.
Freudenberg F, Reif-Leonhard C, Reif-Leonhard C, Reif A. · · 2025 · cited 7× · PMID 39207462 · DOI 10.1007/s00406-024-01875-z
The <i>N</i>-methyl-d-aspartate receptor hypothesis of ketamine's antidepressant action: evidence and controversies.
Jiang Y, Dong Y, Hu H. · · 2024 · cited 5× · PMID 38853549 · DOI 10.1098/rstb.2023.0225
Nitrous oxide for the treatment of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Gill K, de Cates AN, Wiseman C, Murphy SE, et al · · 2025 · cited 2× · PMID 41326290 · DOI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.106023
Botulinum Toxin: An Unconventional Tool for the Treatment of Depression?
Gambini M, Gurrieri R, Russomanno G, Cecchini G, et al · · 2025 · PMID 41008331 · DOI 10.3390/brainsci15090971

Verify or expand the search:

Other trials of Nitrous oxide gas for inhalation

Trials testing the same drug.

NCT05710887 — N2O for Acute Suicidality and Depression in the ED · Phase 2 · withdrawn
NCT05528718 — SMILE Trial - Imaging Sub-Study · completed
NCT05357066 — Nitrous Oxide as Treatment for Fibromyalgia · Phase 2 · recruiting
NCT04089852 — Nitrous Oxide for Pain Management During IUD Insertion in Nulliparous Adolescent Women · Phase 2, PHASE3 · withdrawn

Other recruiting trials for Major Depressive Disorder

Currently open trials in the same condition.

NCT07219394 — Peer-Delivered Behavioral Activation in a CCBHC · NA · recruiting
NCT06705478 — Pramipexole Versus Escitalopram to Treat Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Comorbid MDD With Mild Neurocognitive Disor · Phase 2 · recruiting
NCT06749392 — An Individual-specific Synchrony Signature · NA · recruiting
NCT07316803 — Group Intervention for Romantic Relationships in Young Adults With Severe Mental Illness · NA · recruiting
NCT07242105 — Optimizing Brain Excitability in Depression · NA · recruiting

Other University of Chicago trials

Trials by the same sponsor.

NCT07346196 — A Trial of Locoregionally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of The Head and Neck · Phase 2 · not yet recruiting
NCT07354100 — Lactulose to Improve Gut Health in Cancer Patients Receiving Immunotherapy · Phase 1, PHASE2 · not yet recruiting
NCT06446661 — Using Text Messages to Improve Oral Chemotherapy for Adolescents and Adults With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia · NA · not yet recruiting
NCT07179315 — A Study Comparing Two Immunotherapy Options for Human Papillomavirus Positive HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancer After Tr · Phase 2 · not yet recruiting
NCT07126561 — Trastuzumab Deruxtecan to Treat HER2 + Newly Diagnosed Metastatic GI Cancers · Phase 2 · not yet recruiting

Verify against primary sources

ClinicalTrials.gov — authoritative US registry record
WHO ICTRP — international registry index
EU Clinical Trials Register
Sponsor press releases (Google)

Data sources for this page

Trial protocol + status: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05357040 (US National Library of Medicine, public domain)
Publications: Europe PMC API search by NCT ID, retrieved 10 June 2026
Drug + disease cross-links: matched in real time against Drug Landscape's normalised drug + company + condition tables
Sponsor: as reported to ClinicalTrials.gov by University of Chicago
Last refreshed: 12 January 2026

Drug Landscape aggregates and links these public records for informational use only. Always verify against the primary source before clinical or regulatory decisions. Canonical URL: https://druglandscape.com/trial/NCT05357040.

Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing