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NCT03146806

Intranasal (NAS) Ketamine for Cancer Pain

Completed Phase 1, PHASE2 Results posted Last updated 9 September 2021
What this trial tests

Phase 1, PHASE2 trial testing Intranasal ketamine in Cancer in 10 participants. Completed in 22 April 2020.

Timeline
25 July 2017
Primary endpoint
22 April 2020
22 April 2020

Quick facts

Lead sponsorEmory University
PhasePhase 1, PHASE2
StatusCompleted
Study typeINTERVENTIONAL
Allocationna
Designsingle group
Maskingnone
Primary purposesupportive care
Enrollment10
Start date25 July 2017
Primary completion22 April 2020
Estimated completion22 April 2020
Sites1 location across United States

Drugs / interventions tested

Conditions studied

Sponsor

Emory University

Who can join

18 and older, any sex, with Cancer or Pain. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Bioavailability of Ketamine Primary · Baseline, Minutes 2, 30, 60, and 240 during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

Blood samples were obtained at the study visits where ketamine was administered to measure the bioavailability (a pharmacokinetic characteristic) of intranasal and intravenous ketamine. Bioavailability is assessed as nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL) of ketamine circulating in blood. Each study participant received each dose of ketamine during separate study visits. Samples were obtained prior to ketamine administration, and at 2, 30, 60 and 240 minutes after medication administration, during study visits 1 through 4. The baseline sample was not collected at the first study visit as assessing p

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
2 minutes post-ketamine administration
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine13.4± 1.65
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine296.4± 1.71
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine23.7± 2.98
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine33.7± 3.86
30 minutes post-ketamine administration
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine20.3± 2.01
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine35.0± 1.35
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine48.6± 1.67
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine51.0± 1.75
60 minutes post-ketamine administration
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine11.7± 1.38
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine16.4± 1.70
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine26.5± 2.1
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine55.8± 2.12
240 minutes post-ketamine administration
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Peak Concentration (Cmax) of Ketamine Primary · Minute 2 through Minute 240 during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

Blood samples were obtained at the study visits where ketamine was administered to measure the peak concentration (Cmax) of intranasal and intravenous ketamine. Peak concentration is assessed as the maximum ng/mL of ketamine circulating in blood. Each study participant received each dose of ketamine during separate study visits. Samples were obtained at 2, 30, 60 and 240 minutes after medication administration.

GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine22.9± 1.97
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine296± 1.71
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine60.8± 1.90
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine77.6± 2.29
Area Under the Curve of Ketamine Primary · Minute 2 through Minute 240 during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 Weeks

Blood samples were obtained at the study visits where ketamine was administered to measure the elimination (a pharmacokinetic characteristic) of intranasal and intravenous ketamine. Elimination of the drug disappearing from the body is assessed as the area under the curve (AUC). Each study participant received each dose of ketamine during separate study visits. Samples were obtained at 2, 30, 60 and 240 minutes after medication administration. Each subject did not have quantitative levels at all time points. There were not enough data to construct a curve for each participant and therefore cal

GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine19± NA
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine113± NA
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine46± NA
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine64± NA
Time to Peak Concentration (Tmax) of Ketamine Primary · Minute 2 through Minute 240 during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

Blood samples were obtained at the study visits where ketamine was administered to measure the time to peak concentration (Tmax) of intranasal and intravenous ketamine. Time is measured as minutes after administration when the maximum concentration of ketamine in blood is reached.

GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine23± 3.0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine2± 1
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine14± 3.8
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine16± 4.4
Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) Score Primary · Baseline, Minutes 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 180, and 240 during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was used to evaluate patient reported pain. Pain scores were recorded prior to and at 5,10,15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 180 and 240 minutes after administration of ketamine. The NPRS asks participants rate their current level of pain intensity on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain). In general, improvements of pain severity of 1.5 points or less on NPRS could be seen as clinically irrelevant. Above that value, the cutoff point for "clinical relevance" depends on patients' baseline pain severity, and ranges from 2.4 to 5.3. Higher baseline scores

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine7.56 – 8
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine65 – 8
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine5.55 – 7
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine66 – 8
Minute 5
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine65 – 8
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine10 – 3
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine54 – 6
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine53 – 5
Minute 10
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine65 – 8
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine00 – 3
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine33 – 6
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine42 – 5
Minute 15
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine54 – 7
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine1.50 – 3
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine3.53 – 6
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine32 – 5
Minute 30
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine4.52 – 7
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine2.50 – 5
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine3.52 – 6
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine22 – 5
Minute 45
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine53 – 7
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine30 – 5
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine32 – 4
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine22 – 4
Minute 60
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine4.53 – 6
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine3.51 – 5
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine2.52 – 3
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine21 – 5
Minute 120
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine4.53 – 7
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine3.51 – 4
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine32 – 3
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine21 – 5
Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA) Fatigue Score Primary · Baseline, Minutes 30, 60, and 240, during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

To evaluate self-reported fatigue, participants completed the Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA). During visits 1 through 4, side effects were documented by SERSDA prior to administration of medication and 30, 60 and 240 minutes after ketamine administration. Participants indicated the severity of this side effect by selecting 0 (side effect is absent), 1 (weak side effect), 2 (modest side effect), 3 (bothersome side effect), or 4 (side effect is very bothersome).

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine2.9± 0.86
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine1.4± 0.84
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine1.6± 0.70
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine1.5± 1.27
Minute 30
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine1± 1.15
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine1.6± 1.17
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine1.3± 1.06
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine1.0± 1.25
Minute 60
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.7± 0.95
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine1.2± 1.23
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine1.2± 1.14
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine1.2± 1.03
Minute 240
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.8± 0.92
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine1± 0.82
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.8± 1.03
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.7± 0.67
Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA) Dizziness Score Primary · Baseline, Minutes 30, 60, and 240, during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

To evaluate self-reported dizziness, participants completed the Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA). During visits 1 through 4, side effects were documented by SERSDA prior to administration of medication and 30, 60 and 240 minutes after ketamine administration. Participants indicated the severity of this side effect by selecting 0 (side effect is absent), 1 (weak side effect), 2 (modest side effect), 3 (bothersome side effect), or 4 (side effect is very bothersome).

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.6± 0.97
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.1± 0.32
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Minute 30
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.8± 1.14
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.3± 0.67
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.5± 0.71
Minute 60
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.3± 0.95
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.2± 0.63
Minute 240
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA) Nausea Score Primary · Baseline, Minutes 30, 60, and 240, during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

To evaluate self-reported nausea, participants completed the Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA). During visits 1 through 4, side effects were documented by SERSDA prior to administration of medication and 30, 60 and 240 minutes after ketamine administration. Participants indicated the severity of this side effect by selecting 0 (side effect is absent), 1 (weak side effect), 2 (modest side effect), 3 (bothersome side effect), or 4 (side effect is very bothersome).

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.2± 0.42
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.3± 0.67
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
Minute 30
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.3± 0.95
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.8± 1.32
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.4± 0.97
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.3± 0.67
Minute 60
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.2± 0.63
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.6± 1.07
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.3± 0.67
Minute 240
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.4± 0.97
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.4± 1.26
Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA) Headache Score Primary · Baseline, Minutes 30, 60, and 240, during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

To evaluate self-reported headache, participants completed the Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA). During visits 1 through 4, side effects were documented by SERSDA prior to administration of medication and 30, 60 and 240 minutes after ketamine administration. Participants indicated the severity of this side effect by selecting 0 (side effect is absent), 1 (weak side effect), 2 (modest side effect), 3 (bothersome side effect), or 4 (side effect is very bothersome).

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.2± 0.63
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Minute 30
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.1± 0.32
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Minute 60
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.1± 0.32
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Minute 240
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA) Feeling of Unreality Score Primary · Baseline, Minutes 30, 60, and 240, during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

To evaluate self-reported feeling of unreality, participants completed the Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA). During visits 1 through 4, side effects were documented by SERSDA prior to administration of medication and 30, 60 and 240 minutes after ketamine administration. Participants indicated the severity of this side effect by selecting 0 (side effect is absent), 1 (weak side effect), 2 (modest side effect), 3 (bothersome side effect), or 4 (side effect is very bothersome).

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.2± 0.63
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Minute 30
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.4± 1.26
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine1.3± 1.42
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.2± 0.42
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.2± 0.42
Minute 60
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.5± 1.27
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
Minute 240
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.2± 0.63
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA) Change in Hearing Score Primary · Baseline, Minutes 30, 60, and 240, during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

To evaluate self-reported change in hearing, participants completed the Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA). During visits 1 through 4, side effects were documented by SERSDA prior to administration of medication and 30, 60 and 240 minutes after ketamine administration. Participants indicated the severity of this side effect by selecting 0 (side effect is absent), 1 (weak side effect), 2 (modest side effect), 3 (bothersome side effect), or 4 (side effect is very bothersome).

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Minute 30
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.1± 0.32
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Minute 60
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Minute 240
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.3± 0.95
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA) Change in Vision Score Primary · Baseline, Minutes 30, 60, and 240, during Study Visits 1 through 4, up to 4 weeks

To evaluate self-reported change in vision, participants completed the Side Effect Rating Scale for Dissociative Anesthetics (SERSDA). During visits 1 through 4, side effects were documented by SERSDA prior to administration of medication and 30, 60 and 240 minutes after ketamine administration. Participants indicated the severity of this side effect by selecting 0 (side effect is absent), 1 (weak side effect), 2 (modest side effect), 3 (bothersome side effect), or 4 (side effect is very bothersome).

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.4± 0.70
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.1± 0.32
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
Minute 30
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.5± 0.85
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.21
Minute 60
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0.1± 0.32
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0.1± 0.32
Minute 240
GroupValue95% CI
10 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine0± 0
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine0± 0

Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Time frame: Data collection for adverse events began at the first study visit and were followed by a telephone call 14 days after the last dose of study medication administration, up to 6 weeks.. Reporting threshold: 0%. Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.

10 mg Intranasal Ketamine
Serious: 0/10 (0%)
Deaths: 0/10
10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ketamine
Serious: 1/10 (10%)
Deaths: 0/10
30 mg Intranasal Ketamine
Serious: 0/10 (0%)
Deaths: 0/10
50 mg Intranasal Ketamine
Serious: 2/10 (20%)
Deaths: 0/10
Follow-up Visit
Serious: 0/10 (0%)
Deaths: 0/10
Phone Call 14 Days Post-Last Dose
Serious: 0/10 (0%)
Deaths: 0/10

Serious adverse events (4 terms)

ReactionSystem10 mg Intranasal Ketamine10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ket…30 mg Intranasal Ketamine50 mg Intranasal KetamineFollow-up VisitPhone Call 14 Days Post-La…
Abdominal painGeneral disorders
Non-cardiac chest painGeneral disorders
PneumoniaInfections and infestations
Neck tumor swellingNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Other adverse events (41 terms — click to expand)

ReactionSystem10 mg Intranasal Ketamine10 mg Intravenous (IV) Ket…30 mg Intranasal Ketamine50 mg Intranasal KetamineFollow-up VisitPhone Call 14 Days Post-La…
DizzinessGeneral disorders
Feeling of unrealityGeneral disorders
HypertensionVascular disorders
NauseaGeneral disorders
DrowsinessGeneral disorders
AnxietyPsychiatric disorders
Blurry visionEye disorders
Change in hearingEar and labyrinth disorders
DiarrheaGastrointestinal disorders
FatigueGeneral disorders
HeadacheGeneral disorders
HypotensionVascular disorders
Mood changePsychiatric disorders
VomitingGastrointestinal disorders
AgitationPsychiatric disorders
Burning sensation in nostrilRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
BradycardiaCardiac disorders
Change in sense of smellRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
ConfusionPsychiatric disorders
DehydrationGeneral disorders
DiaphoresisNervous system disorders
EuphoriaGeneral disorders
Facial numbnesNervous system disorders
Facial warmthGeneral disorders
Floating sensationGeneral disorders
Foul tasteGeneral disorders
Fuzzy thinkingGeneral disorders
In touch with emotionsGeneral disorders
Night sweatsNervous system disorders
NightmaresGeneral disorders
RestlessnessGeneral disorders
Sinus tachycardiaCardiac disorders
SomnolenceGeneral disorders
Tongue numbnessNervous system disorders
VertigoGeneral disorders
Vision changesEye disorders
Visual hallucinationGeneral disorders
Intermittent nose bleedsSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Urinary retentionRenal and urinary disorders
Urinary tract infectionInfections and infestations

Most-reported serious reactions: Abdominal pain, Non-cardiac chest pain, Pneumonia, Neck tumor swelling.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03146806 adverse events section.

Sponsor's own description

The main purpose of this study is to determine the safety, feasibility, and utility of intranasal (NAS) ketamine in persistent uncontrolled cancer related pain. In this prospective clinical trial the researchers will investigate the use of NAS ketamine in patients with pain related to cancer or cancer treatment. The researchers plan to enroll at least 25 patients meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria, to achieve a minimum of 10 patients who complete the study. Participants will be recruited from the supportive oncology clinic, oncology clinics, the pain clinic and Acute Pain Service at Emory. Participants will be asked to return to the Phase I unit of the Winship Cancer Building C for a total of 5 study visits, each two to five days apart. During these visits participants will complete questionnaires, have blood samples drawn and will have study medication administered to them in escalating doses. For safety monitoring participants will be contacted by telephone 14 days after the last dose of medication administered.

Publications & conference data

4 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

  1. Repurposing Potential of Ketamine: Opportunities and Challenges.
    Gautam CS, Mahajan SS, Sharma J, Singh H, et al · · 2020 · cited 19× · PMID 31997862 · DOI 10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_228_19
  2. A dose-escalation clinical trial of intranasal ketamine for uncontrolled cancer-related pain.
    Singh V, Gillespie TW, Lane O, Spektor B, et al · · 2022 · cited 6× · PMID 35146776 · DOI 10.1002/phar.2669
  3. Efficacy and safety of ketamine for the treatment of depressive symptoms in palliative care: A systematic review.
    Barbosa MG, Garcia GT, Sarin LM, Jackowski AP. · · 2023 · cited 5× · PMID 36574497 · DOI 10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2876
  4. Safety of Intranasal Ketamine for Reducing Uncontrolled Cancer-Related Pain: Protocol of a Phase I/II Clinical Trial.
    Shteamer JW, Harvey RD, Spektor B, Curseen K, et al · · 2019 · cited 2× · PMID 31038469 · DOI 10.2196/12125

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