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Thiazide or Thiazide-like diuretics
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, promoting urinary sodium and water excretion to reduce blood volume and blood pressure.
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, promoting urinary sodium and water excretion to reduce blood volume and blood pressure. Used for Hypertension, Edema associated with congestive heart failure, Edema associated with hepatic cirrhosis.
At a glance
| Generic name | Thiazide or Thiazide-like diuretics |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Hydrochlorothiazide, metolazone, chlorthalidone, chlorothiazide, bendroflumethiazide, indapamide |
| Sponsor | National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland |
| Drug class | Thiazide diuretic |
| Target | Sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Cardiovascular |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
These drugs block the sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC) in the kidney's distal convoluted tubule, preventing electrolyte reabsorption and increasing urine output. By reducing circulating blood volume and total body sodium, they lower blood pressure. They also have a direct vasodilatory effect on blood vessels that contributes to their antihypertensive action.
Approved indications
- Hypertension
- Edema associated with congestive heart failure
- Edema associated with hepatic cirrhosis
- Edema associated with renal disease
Common side effects
- Hypokalemia
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Hyponatremia
- Hypotension
- Ototoxicity (high doses)
- Photosensitivity
Key clinical trials
- Urinary Prostaglandin as a Potential Predictive Marker for Thiazide-induced Hyponatremia
- Immediate Fracture Risk After Antihypertensive Drug Initiation
- Efficacy and Safety of Combination Diuretic Therapy in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure and Volume Overload (PHASE4)
- DAPAgliflozin Versus Thiazide Diuretic in Patients With Heart Failure and Diuretic RESISTance (PHASE3)
- Coronavirus (COVID-19) ACEi/ARB Investigation (PHASE4)
- Treatment of Hypertension In Adults With ThiaZIDES: Pragmatic Trial Pilot Study (NA)
- Combination Pill of Losartan Potassium and Hydrochlorothiazide for Improvement of Medication Compliance Trial (PHASE3)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
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