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Isoniazid (Rifinah)
Isoniazid inhibits mycobacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking mycolic acid production, which is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival.
Isoniazid inhibits mycobacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking mycolic acid production, which is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival. Used for Tuberculosis (TB), including drug-susceptible pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB, Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) prophylaxis.
At a glance
| Generic name | Isoniazid (Rifinah) |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Isoniazid, Rifinah |
| Sponsor | National Taiwan University Hospital |
| Drug class | Antituberculous agent |
| Target | Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Infectious Disease |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Isoniazid is a prodrug that requires activation by the mycobacterial enzyme catalase-peroxidase (KatG) to form an isonicotinoyl radical. This activated form binds to mycobacterial enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA), inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acids that are critical structural components of the mycobacterial cell wall. This disruption of cell wall integrity leads to bacterial death and is bactericidal against actively dividing M. tuberculosis.
Approved indications
- Tuberculosis (TB), including drug-susceptible pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB
- Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) prophylaxis
Common side effects
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Hepatotoxicity
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Pyridoxine deficiency
- Drug-induced lupus
- Gastrointestinal disturbances
Key clinical trials
- The Effect of Rifampicin on the Pharmacokinetics of Intracellular Tenofovir-diphosphate and Tenofovir When Coadministered With Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate During the Maintenance Phase of Tuberculosis Treatment in TB/HIV-1 Coinfected Participants (PHASE1)
- Multicenter, Randomized Study Evaluating the Value of Antitubercular Treatment During Recurent Anterior Uveitis (URBA) (PHASE3)
- Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz in the Presence of Rifampicin and Isoniazid (PHASE1)
- The Bioavailability of Rifampicin in (FDCs) Widely Used in South Africa to Treat Drug-susceptible (TB) (PHASE1)
- NAT2 in Re-challenge of INH in Patients With Hepatitis (PHASE4)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- Isoniazid (Rifinah) CI brief — competitive landscape report
- Isoniazid (Rifinah) updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- National Taiwan University Hospital portfolio CI