NCT05261282

Mindful Hand Hygiene for Healthcare Workers

Completed NA Results posted Last updated 9 March 2026

What this trial tests

NA trial testing Mindful Hand Hygiene in Burnout in 343 participants. Completed in 8 December 2024.

Timeline

7 November 2022

Primary endpoint
8 December 2024

8 December 2024

Quick facts

Lead sponsor	VA Office of Research and Development
Phase	NA
Status	Completed
Study type	INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation	randomized
Design	parallel
Masking	single
Primary purpose	health services research
Enrollment	343
Start date	7 November 2022
Primary completion	8 December 2024
Estimated completion	8 December 2024
Sites	2 locations across United States

Drugs / interventions tested

• Mindful Hand Hygiene

Conditions studied

• Burnout — all drugs for Burnout →
• Mental Health — all drugs for Mental Health →

Sponsor

VA Office of Research and Development — full company profile →

Who can join

18 and older, any sex, with Burnout or Mental Health. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) - Post-Intervention Primary · Month 1

The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a validated instrument with favorable psychometric properties and consists of 39 questions. The scale could be broken into the subscales of Observing, Describing, Acting with Awareness, Nonjudging, Nonreactivity, or presented as a total score. The total FFMQ score is presented here on a scale from 1-5. Lower scores (1) mean less mindful, while higher scores (5) indicate the respondent is more mindful.

Group	Value	95% CI
Mindful Hand Hygiene Intervention	3.46	± 0.50
Control Arm	3.35	± 0.45

Well-Being Index - Post-Intervention Primary · Month 1

The 9-question Well-Being Index (WBI) assesses distress across a variety of dimensions including fatigue, depression, burnout, stress, and quality of life, and has been validated for use in physicians, residents, and nurses. Scores range from -2 (low-risk) to 9 (high risk). Lower scores indicate better well being.

Group	Value	95% CI
Mindful Hand Hygiene Intervention	2.19	± 2.40
Control Arm	2.29	± 2.75

Percentage of Situations Performing Hand Hygiene When Required (Self-Perception) - Post-Intervention Primary · Month 1

The question assessing how often respondents felt they performed hand hygiene when required from the Perceptions Survey for Healthcare Workers (PSHW) developed by the World Health Organization was used. This question is scored on a scale of 0-100%. Higher scores indicate higher perception of performing hand hygiene when required.

Group	Value	95% CI
Mindful Hand Hygiene Intervention	92.65	± 7.59
Control Arm	92.94	± 8.52

The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) - Sustainability Primary · Month 7

The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a validated instrument with favorable psychometric properties and consists of 39 questions. The scale could be broken into the subscales of Observing, Describing, Acting with Awareness, Nonjudging, Nonreactivity, or presented as a total score. The total FFMQ score is presented here on a scale from 1-5. Lower scores (1) mean less mindful, while higher scores (5) indicate the respondent is more mindful.

Group	Value	95% CI
Mindful Hand Hygiene Intervention	3.49	± 0.46
Control Arm	3.39	± 0.50

Well-Being Index - Sustainability Primary · Month 7

The 9-question Well-Being Index (WBI) assesses distress across a variety of dimensions including fatigue, depression, burnout, stress, and quality of life, and has been validated for use in physicians, residents, and nurses. Scores range from -2 (low-risk) to 9 (high risk). Lower scores indicate better well-being.

Group	Value	95% CI
Mindful Hand Hygiene Intervention	1.96	± 2.60
Control Arm	1.89	± 2.70

Percentage of Situations Performing Hand Hygiene When Required (Self-Perception) - Sustainability Primary · Month 7

The question assessing how often respondents felt they performed hand hygiene when required from the Perceptions Survey for Healthcare Workers (PSHW) developed by the World Health Organization was used. This question is scored on a scale of 0-100%. Higher scores indicate higher perception of performing hand hygiene when required.

Group	Value	95% CI
Mindful Hand Hygiene Intervention	92.82	± 7.89
Control Arm	93.88	± 7.69

Hand Hygiene Room Entry - Habituation Secondary · Month 0

Research assistants conducted covert direct observations of hand hygiene moments during weekdays on select medical and medical/surgical hospital units. Hand hygiene was marked yes if a physician or nurse used hand rub or washed with soap and water before entering a patient room.

Group	Value	95% CI
Total Population	2413

Hand Hygiene Room Exit - Habituation Secondary · Month 0

Research assistants conducted covert direct observations of hand hygiene moments during weekdays on select medical and medical/surgical hospital units. Hand hygiene was marked yes if a physician or nurse used hand rub or washed with soap and water upon exit from a patient room.

Group	Value	95% CI
Total Population	3232

Duration Hand Hygiene Room Exit - Habituation Secondary · Month 0

Research assistants conducted covert direct observations of hand hygiene moments during weekdays on select medical and medical/surgical hospital units. Duration in seconds of hand hygiene was measured upon room exit for nurses and attending physicians.

Group	Value	95% CI
Total Population	8.78	± 7.58

Hand Hygiene Room Entry - Intervention Period Secondary · Month 1

Research assistants conducted covert direct observations of hand hygiene moments during weekdays on select medical and medical/surgical hospital units. Hand hygiene was marked yes if a physician or nurse used hand rub or washed with soap and water before entering a patient room.

Group	Value	95% CI
Mindful Hand Hygiene Intervention	2631
Control Arm	2722

Hand Hygiene Room Exit - Intervention Period Secondary · Month 1

Research assistants conducted covert direct observations of hand hygiene moments during weekdays on select medical and medical/surgical hospital units. Hand hygiene was marked yes if a physician or nurse used hand rub or washed with soap and water upon exit from a patient room.

Group	Value	95% CI
Mindful Hand Hygiene Intervention	3022
Control Arm	3209

Duration Hand Hygiene Room Exit - Intervention Period Secondary · Month 1

Research assistants conducted covert direct observations of hand hygiene moments during weekdays on select medical and medical/surgical hospital units. Duration in seconds of hand hygiene was measured upon room exit for nurses and attending physicians.

Group	Value	95% CI
Mindful Hand Hygiene Intervention	9.67	± 5.99
Control Arm	9.41	± 6.84

Sponsor's own description

The purpose of this study is to test an intervention focused towards promoting mindfulness among VA physicians and nurses. Mindfulness is a tool that can help people focus. It helps clear the mind of distractions and biases. Some physicians and nurses will be randomized to receive the study intervention, while others will not. The study intervention will include the following: 1) education about mindfulness; 2) group discussions about mindfulness; and 3) an optional mobile app to promote mindfulness. Participants randomized to the intervention will be encouraged to use the act of cleansing their hands as a prompt for practicing mindfulness. The study will test if this intervention will increase physician and nurse mindfulness. It will also test if it leads to improved well-being and use of proper hand hygiene.

Publications & conference data

No peer-reviewed publications indexed yet for this trial. Completed trials usually publish results within 12-18 months.