18 and older, any sex, with Dietary Habits. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.
Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov
Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.
Percentage of Participants Who Purchase at Least 1 Sugar-sweetened Beverage for Their ChildPrimary· At completion of ~10 minute shopping task, during 1-time study visit
The primary outcome is the percent of participants who selected at least one sugar-sweetened beverage for their child during the shopping task. Purchases will be recorded by the experimenter when they complete the shopping task.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
45
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
28
Mean Total Calories Purchased From Sugar-sweetened BeveragesSecondary· At completion of ~10 minute shopping task, during 1-time study visit
Total calories purchased from sugar-sweetened beverages is defined as the total number of calories of sugar-sweetened beverages in the participant's basket when they complete the shopping task.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
82.1
± 97.22
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
51.72
± 86.82
Mean Intention to Give Sugar-sweetened Beverages to ChildSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
Intention to give sugar-sweetened beverages to child will be measured at post-test by survey. Response options are on a 1 to 7 scale, with higher scores representing a higher intention to give sugar-sweetened beverages to the participant's child.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
1.85
± 0.8
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
1.65
± 0.6
Percentage of Participants Who Noticed Trial LabelSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
Percent of participants who noticed the trial labels will be measured at post-test by survey.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
47
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
52
Mean Thinking About Harms of Drinking Sugar-sweetened BeveragesSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
How much the participant reports thinking about the health problems caused by drinking sugar-sweetened beverages will be measured at post-test by survey. Response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher amount of thinking about harms of drinking sugar-sweetened beverages.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
1.90
± 1.25
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
4.21
± 0.95
Mean Negative Affective ReactionsSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
Negative affect will be measured at post-test by survey. Response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher negative affect reaction.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
1.51
± 0.82
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
3.38
± 1.12
Mean Anticipated Social InteractionsSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
Anticipated social interactions about the study labels will be measured at post-test by survey. Response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher likelihood of discussing the study labels with others.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
2.16
± 1.32
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
3.89
± 1.24
Percentage of Participants Who Felt More in Control of Healthy Eating DecisionsSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
Percent of participants indicating they felt more in control of healthy eating decisions will be measured at post-test by survey.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
30
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
73
Mean Perceived Amount of Added Sugar in Sugar-sweetened BeveragesSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
Perceptions of added sugar content in sugar-sweetened beverages will be measured at post-test by survey. Response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher perceived amount of added sugar in sugar-sweetened beverages.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
3.99
± 0.67
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
4.08
± 0.77
Mean Perceived Likelihood of Child Experiencing Health Problems Due to Sugar-sweetened BeveragesSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
Perceived likelihood of child experiencing sugar-sweetened beverage related health outcomes will be measured at post-test by survey. Response options are on a 1 to 7 scale, with higher scores representing a higher perceived likelihood of child experiencing health problems due to sugar-sweetened beverages.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
3.95
± 0.99
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
4.07
± 0.92
Mean Healthfulness of Sugar-sweetened Beverages for ChildSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
Parents' perceptions about sugar-sweetened beverages' healthfulness for their child will be measured at post-test by survey. Response options are on a 1 to 7 scale, with higher scores representing a higher perceived healthfulness of sugar-sweetened beverages for their child.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
2.24
± 0.80
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
1.98
± 0.82
Mean Appeal of Sugar-sweetened Beverages for ChildSecondary· Post-test computer survey within 30 minutes following completion of ~10 minute shopping task
Parents' perceptions about sugar-sweetened beverages appeal for their child will be measured at post-test by survey. Response options are on a 1 to 7 scale, with higher scores representing a higher perceived appeal of sugar-sweetened beverages for their child.
Group
Value
95% CI
Neutral Label
3.32
± 0.96
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Label
3.24
± 0.98
Sponsor's own description
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to determine whether pictorial warnings on sugar-sweetened beverages are more effective than neutral labels at reducing parents' purchases of sugar-sweetened beverages for their children. Participants will be parents or guardians of at least one child age 2-12. The trial will take place in a mock convenience store. Participants will be randomly assigned to a pictorial warnings arm in which all sugar-sweetened beverages in the store are labeled with pictorial warnings, or to a control arm in which all sugar-sweetened beverages in the store are labeled with a neutral label. All participants will visit the mock convenience store setup based on their randomized trial arm and be instructed to engage in a shopping task. Participants will complete a computer survey after the shopping task.
Publications & conference data
1 peer-reviewed publication reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):
Publications: Europe PMC API search by NCT ID, retrieved 10 June 2026
Drug + disease cross-links: matched in real time against Drug Landscape's normalised drug + company + condition tables
Sponsor: as reported to ClinicalTrials.gov by University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Last refreshed: 1 September 2021
Drug Landscape aggregates and links these public records for informational use only. Always verify against the primary source before clinical or regulatory decisions. Canonical URL: https://druglandscape.com/trial/NCT04223687.