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Vitamin K2

Ain Shams University · FDA-approved active Small molecule

Vitamin K2 acts as a cofactor for gamma-carboxylation of bone and vascular proteins, enabling their biological activity in bone mineralization and cardiovascular health.

Vitamin K2 acts as a cofactor for gamma-carboxylation of bone and vascular proteins, enabling their biological activity in bone mineralization and cardiovascular health. Used for Osteoporosis and bone health maintenance, Vascular calcification prevention.

At a glance

Generic nameVitamin K2
Also known asGroup 1, menaquinone
SponsorAin Shams University
Drug classVitamin K analog
TargetGamma-glutamyl carboxylase cofactor
ModalitySmall molecule
Therapeutic areaBone health, Cardiovascular
PhaseFDA-approved

Mechanism of action

Vitamin K2 (menaquinone) is an essential cofactor for the enzyme gamma-glutamyl carboxylase, which catalyzes the post-translational carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in bone proteins (osteocalcin, matrix Gla protein) and vascular proteins. This carboxylation is required for these proteins to bind calcium and exert their physiological effects on bone metabolism and vascular calcification prevention.

Approved indications

Common side effects

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

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SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results

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