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Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim
Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim is a fixed-dose combination antibiotic that inhibits bacterial folate synthesis by blocking dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase.
Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim is a fixed-dose combination antibiotic that inhibits bacterial folate synthesis by blocking dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase. Used for Urinary tract infections, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis and treatment, Toxoplasmosis.
At a glance
| Generic name | Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
| Drug class | Sulfonamide-dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor combination |
| Target | Dihydropteroate synthase; Dihydrofolate reductase |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Infectious Disease |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide that inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, preventing the synthesis of dihydrofolate, while trimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, blocking the conversion of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. Together, they create a synergistic effect that disrupts bacterial nucleotide synthesis and cell division. This combination is bactericidal against a broad range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Approved indications
- Urinary tract infections
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis and treatment
- Toxoplasmosis
- Bacterial infections (otitis media, bronchitis, traveler's diarrhea)
Common side effects
- Rash
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Hyperkalemia
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- Hepatotoxicity
Key clinical trials
- Prevent TB: Choice Architecture for TPT Delivery (NA)
- A Study of LBP-EC01 in the Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated UTI Caused by Drug Resistant E. Coli (ELIMINATE Trial) (PHASE2)
- Testing a Novel Combination Treatment (Arm D) Versus Standard of Care for Intensive Phase Treatment for Mycobacterium Abscessus Pulmonary Disease in People With or Without Cystic Fibrosis in the Finding the Optimal Regimen for Mycobacterium Abscessus Treatment (FORMaT) Adaptive Platform Trial (PHASE2)
- An Adaptive Multi-arm Trial to Improve Clinical Outcomes Among Children Recovering From Complicated SAM (PHASE3)
- Effects of Treatments on Atopic Dermatitis (PHASE2)
- Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infection Oral Antibiotic Therapy Trial (NA)
- Effect of S. Aureus Skin Decolonization on Disease Severity in Atopic Dermatitis Patients (PHASE4)
- Comparative Efficacy of Antibiotics for Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth in Bangladeshi Children (PHASE2)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
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