Last reviewed · How we verify
PPI
PPIs inhibit the proton pump (H+/K+-ATPase) in gastric parietal cells to reduce gastric acid secretion.
PPIs inhibit the proton pump (H+/K+-ATPase) in gastric parietal cells to reduce gastric acid secretion. Used for Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Peptic ulcer disease, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
At a glance
| Generic name | PPI |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Proton Pump Inhibitor, Rabeprazole, Pariet, GI protection, Esomezol® |
| Sponsor | Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC |
| Drug class | Proton pump inhibitor |
| Target | H+/K+-ATPase (proton pump) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Gastroenterology |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Proton pump inhibitors bind irreversibly to the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme on the secretory surface of gastric parietal cells, blocking the final step of gastric acid production. This results in profound suppression of both basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion, raising intragastric pH and allowing healing of acid-related lesions. PPIs are prodrugs that require activation in the acidic environment of the stomach to exert their effect.
Approved indications
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Peptic ulcer disease
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers
Common side effects
- Headache
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea
- Constipation
- Hypomagnesemia (with long-term use)
- Vitamin B12 deficiency (with long-term use)
Key clinical trials
- Distinguishing Tics and Functional Tics Using Clinical Neurophysiological Techniques
- Multi-Center Study of Panosyl-Isomaltooligosaccharides Adjunctive to PPI Therapy to Treat GERD (PHASE2)
- Prevalence of Asymptomatic H Pylori Infection Among Patients Undergoing PCI and Impact of Its Eradication on Occurrence of GIT Symptoms and Bleeding" (PHASE3)
- Esomeprazole Plus Sucralfate for Post-ESD Ulcer Healing (PHASE4)
- The Effect of PPI on Endoscopic Treatment of WON: a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. (NA)
- OPEN Versus InTact Capsule Proton Pump Inhibitors for the Treatment of Marginal Ulcers (PHASE4)
- Randomized Active-Controlled Trial Evaluating Fexuprazan (Fexuclue Tab) for Prevention Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in High Bleeding Risk Patients Receiving Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Coronary Intervention (NA)
- PPI Infusion Versus Oral Acid Pump Inhibitors for Bleeding Peptic Ulcers (PHASE4)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |