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Placebo / Botulinum Toxin A
Botulinum toxin A blocks acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction by cleaving SNARE proteins, causing temporary muscle paralysis.
Botulinum toxin A blocks acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction by cleaving SNARE proteins, causing temporary muscle paralysis. Used for Cervical dystonia, Blepharospasm, Hemifacial spasm.
At a glance
| Generic name | Placebo / Botulinum Toxin A |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Botox |
| Sponsor | Walter Reed Army Medical Center |
| Drug class | Neurotoxin / Acetylcholine release inhibitor |
| Target | SNAP-25 (synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Neurology / Dermatology / Aesthetics |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Botulinum toxin A is a neurotoxin that irreversibly cleaves SNARE proteins (specifically SNAP-25) required for acetylcholine vesicle fusion and release at the presynaptic terminal. This prevents neuromuscular transmission and results in flaccid paralysis of the targeted muscle. The effect is temporary, lasting 3-4 months, after which nerve terminals regenerate and muscle function returns.
Approved indications
- Cervical dystonia
- Blepharospasm
- Hemifacial spasm
- Wrinkles and facial lines (cosmetic)
- Hyperhidrosis
- Chronic migraine
Common side effects
- Headache
- Neck pain
- Injection site pain
- Muscle weakness
- Eyelid ptosis
- Dry mouth
- Dysphagia
Key clinical trials
- A Clinical Trial to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Xeomin® Injections for Preventing Episodic Migraine (PHASE3)
- A Clinical Trial to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Xeomin® Injections for Preventing Chronic Migraine (PHASE3)
- Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of NT 201 (Botulinum Toxin) With Placebo for the Treatment of Lower Limb Spasticity Caused by Stroke or Traumatic Brain Injury (PHASE3)
- Dual-Site Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection for Lifelong Premature Ejaculation (NA)
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Neurogenic Bladder Botox (PHASE2)
- Botulinum Toxin A Before Hemorrhoidectomy to Prevent Postoperative Pain (PHASE2)
- Zinc as an Adjunctive Therapy for Cervical Dystonia (PHASE2)
- A Study of NT 201 in Adults With Moderate to Severe Platysma Prominence in Europe (PLATINUM EU) (PHASE3)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- Placebo / Botulinum Toxin A CI brief — competitive landscape report
- Placebo / Botulinum Toxin A updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center portfolio CI