Last reviewed · How we verify

Nitrous Oxide 99 %

Unity Health Toronto · FDA-approved active Small molecule

Nitrous oxide acts as a dissociative anesthetic and analgesic by antagonizing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the central nervous system.

Nitrous oxide acts as a non-competitive antagonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, producing dissociative anesthesia and analgesia. Used for Anesthesia (induction and maintenance), Analgesia for acute pain and dental procedures, Anxiolysis.

At a glance

Generic nameNitrous Oxide 99 %
SponsorUnity Health Toronto
Drug classInhalational anesthetic
TargetNMDA receptor
ModalitySmall molecule
Therapeutic areaAnesthesia
PhaseFDA-approved

Mechanism of action

Nitrous oxide binds to NMDA receptors and inhibits their function, leading to dissociation, analgesia, and mild anesthesia. It has rapid onset and offset due to its low blood solubility and is commonly used in combination with other anesthetics or analgesics for procedural sedation and pain relief. The drug does not significantly depress respiratory or cardiovascular function at sub-anesthetic doses.

Approved indications

Common side effects

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.

SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results