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IV loop diuretic
IV loop diuretics inhibit the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, reducing sodium and water reabsorption to increase urine output.
IV loop diuretics inhibit the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, reducing sodium and water reabsorption to increase urine output. Used for Acute decompensated heart failure with fluid overload, Pulmonary edema, Edema associated with renal disease or hepatic cirrhosis.
At a glance
| Generic name | IV loop diuretic |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | NxStage Medical |
| Drug class | Loop diuretic |
| Target | Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Cardiovascular |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Loop diuretics block the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter (NKCC2) on the apical membrane of thick ascending limb cells, preventing reabsorption of approximately 20-30% of filtered sodium and water. This results in increased urine production and reduced blood volume and intracardiac filling pressures. IV formulations provide rapid onset of action, making them suitable for acute decompensated heart failure and pulmonary edema.
Approved indications
- Acute decompensated heart failure with fluid overload
- Pulmonary edema
- Edema associated with renal disease or hepatic cirrhosis
Common side effects
- Hypokalemia
- Hyponatremia
- Hyperuricemia
- Ototoxicity (with high doses)
- Hypotension
- Hyperglycemia
Key clinical trials
- Natriuresis-guided Depletion After Cardiac Surgery (NA)
- Diagnosing and Targeting Mechanisms of Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure (PHASE1)
- Investigating a Tailored Diuretic Algorithm in Acute Heart Failure Patients (NA)
- Ultrafiltration Versus IV Diuretics in Worsening Heart Failure (NA)
- EU Sites: Fluid Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure With Reprieve Decongestion Management System (FASTR-EU) (NA)
- Optimal Diuretic Therapies for Acute Heart Failure With Volume Overload (PHASE4)
- Prolonged Intravenous Therapy Versus Early Initiation of an Oral Loop Diuretic in Decompensated Heart Failure (PHASE2, PHASE3)
- Optimized Treatment of Pulmonary Edema or Congestion (PHASE4)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |