Last reviewed 2026-04-23 · How we verify

Isotone saline water

Isotonic saline water provides osmotically balanced fluid replacement to maintain cellular hydration and electrolyte homeostasis.

Isotonic saline water provides osmotically balanced fluid replacement to maintain cellular hydration and electrolyte homeostasis. Used for Fluid resuscitation and maintenance in dehydration, Perioperative fluid management, Vehicle for intravenous drug administration.

At a glance

Mechanism of action

Isotonic saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is a crystalloid solution with osmolarity matching that of blood plasma, allowing it to distribute between intracellular and extracellular compartments without causing cellular water shifts. It is used for fluid resuscitation, maintenance therapy, and as a vehicle for drug administration. The solution restores intravascular volume and corrects dehydration while maintaining normal electrolyte balance.

Approved indications

• Fluid resuscitation and maintenance in dehydration
• Perioperative fluid management
• Vehicle for intravenous drug administration

Common side effects

• Hyperchloremic acidosis
• Fluid overload / pulmonary edema
• Hyponatremia (with excessive use)

Key clinical trials

• Botulinum Toxin A in Frequent and Chronic Tension-type Headache (PHASE3)
• Intraglandular Treatment With Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients With Xerostomia Due to Sjögren's Disease (PHASE1, PHASE2)
• "Follow the Sutures". A New Procedure for Injection of Botulinum Toxin for Chronic Migraine (PHASE2)
• Hydroxyethyl Starch and Renal Function After Laparoscopic Nephrectomy (PHASE4)
• Hydroxyethyl Starch and Renal Function After Hip Replacement Surgery (PHASE4)

Primary sources

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