Last reviewed 2026-05-14 · How we verify

IM epinephrine 1:1000

Epinephrine is a catecholamine that activates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate, blood pressure, and bronchial dilation while suppressing immune mediator release.

Epinephrine is a catecholamine that activates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate, blood pressure, and bronchial dilation while suppressing immune mediator release. Used for Anaphylaxis (acute allergic reaction), Severe angioedema, Acute bronchospasm.

At a glance

Mechanism of action

Epinephrine binds to alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, and beta-2 adrenergic receptors throughout the body. This activation increases cardiac output and peripheral vasoconstriction (alpha effects), relaxes bronchial smooth muscle (beta-2 effects), and inhibits mast cell degranulation and mediator release. The 1:1000 concentration (1 mg/mL) is the standard intramuscular formulation used for acute anaphylaxis.

Approved indications

• Anaphylaxis (acute allergic reaction)
• Severe angioedema
• Acute bronchospasm

Common side effects

• Tachycardia
• Hypertension
• Tremor
• Anxiety or nervousness
• Headache
• Palpitations
• Arrhythmias (in susceptible patients)

Key clinical trials

• Intramuscular Epinephrine as an Adjunctive Treatment for Severe Pediatric Asthma Exacerbation (PHASE4)

Primary sources

Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.

Competitive intelligence

For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:

• IM epinephrine 1:1000 CI brief — competitive landscape report
• IM epinephrine 1:1000 updates RSS · CI watch RSS
• University of Louisville portfolio CI