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Hypertonic solution (NaCl 3%)
Hypertonic saline (3% NaCl) draws fluid from intracellular and interstitial spaces into the intravascular compartment through osmotic gradient, reducing intracranial pressure and cerebral edema.
Hypertonic saline (3% NaCl) draws fluid from intracellular and interstitial spaces into the intravascular compartment through osmotic gradient, reducing intracranial pressure and cerebral edema. Used for Elevated intracranial pressure / cerebral edema, Traumatic brain injury, Acute stroke management.
At a glance
| Generic name | Hypertonic solution (NaCl 3%) |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | IRCCS Burlo Garofolo |
| Drug class | Osmotic diuretic / Hypertonic solution |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Neurology / Critical Care |
| Phase | Phase 3 |
Mechanism of action
The high osmolarity of 3% sodium chloride solution creates an osmotic gradient that pulls water from brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid into the bloodstream, thereby decreasing intracranial pressure and improving cerebral perfusion. This osmotic diuretic effect is particularly useful in acute management of elevated intracranial pressure and cerebral edema. The mechanism also involves modulation of inflammatory responses and restoration of cellular ion balance.
Approved indications
- Elevated intracranial pressure / cerebral edema
- Traumatic brain injury
- Acute stroke management
Common side effects
- Hypernatremia
- Hyperchloremia
- Phlebitis (at infusion site)
- Rebound intracranial pressure elevation
- Dehydration
Key clinical trials
- Efficacy Of Combined Nebulized Hypertonic Saline and Chest Percussion Therapy in Acute Viral Bronchiolitis (PHASE4)
- Central Sodium Sensing: Implications for Blood Pressure Regulation (NA)
- Diuretic Treatment in Acute Heart Failure With Volume Overload Guided by Serial Spot Urine Sodium Assessment (PHASE4)
- Hypertonic Saline for Mild TBI in Pediatric Patients (NA)
- Effect of Sclerotherapy on Fistulas and Sinus Tracts in Hidradenitis Suppurativa (PHASE2)
- Hypertonic Saline Solution to Prevent Acute Kidney Injury After Heart Transplantation (PHASE2)
- The Hemodynamic Effects of Hypertonic Saline Preload Versus Coload Measured by Non-invasive Cardiometry in Patients Undergoing TURP Surgery (PHASE4)
- Effects of Different Nasal Irrigation Methods on Pain Level, Crying and Procedure Times in Nasal Congestion in Infants (NA)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |