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HAL 5% with illumination

Photocure · Phase 2 active Small molecule ✓ Verified May 2026 Quality 55/100

HAL 5% with illumination is a Photosensitizing agent Small molecule drug developed by Photocure. It is currently in Phase 2 development.

HAL is converted to protoporphyrin IX in cells, which accumulates preferentially in abnormal tissue and produces reactive oxygen species upon light activation.

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Likelihood of approval
15.3% vs 15.3% industry baseline
If approved by FDA: likely 2031–2034
Steps remaining: Phase 3 → NDA/BLA submission
Confidence: Medium
Why this estimate
  • Baseline phase 2 → approval rate +15.3pp
    Industry-wide phase 2 drugs reach approval ~15.3% of the time (BIO/Informa 2023 industry benchmark across all therapeutic areas).
Predicted approval windows by jurisdiction (conditional on FDA approval)
Regulator Country Likely year Lag vs FDA
FDA US 2031–2034
EMA EU 2032–2035 +0.7 yr
MHRA GB 2032–2035 +0.7 yr
Health Canada CA 2032–2036 +0.9 yr
TGA AU 2032–2036 +1.2 yr
PMDA JP 2032–2036 +1.5 yr
NMPA CN 2033–2037 +2.3 yr
MFDS KR 2032–2036 +1.4 yr
CDSCO IN 2032–2037 +1.8 yr
ANVISA BR 2033–2037 +2.3 yr

Hover any row for the lag rationale. Lag estimates are reduced when the drug has FDA Breakthrough or EMA PRIME designation (sponsors file globally in parallel).

Estimate based on the BIO/Informa industry phase transition rates plus per-drug modifiers for therapeutic area, sponsor type, FDA designations, mechanism, and trial design. Per-jurisdiction lags from Tufts CSDD international approval studies. Not investment, clinical or regulatory advice. Methodology: /methodology#likelihood.

At a glance

Generic nameHAL 5% with illumination
SponsorPhotocure
Drug classPhotosensitizing agent
ModalitySmall molecule
PhasePhase 2

Mechanism of action

Hexaminolevulinate (HAL) is a prodrug that enters cells and is metabolized through the heme biosynthesis pathway to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). PpIX accumulates preferentially in rapidly dividing or abnormal cells. Upon illumination with specific wavelength light, PpIX generates reactive oxygen species that cause selective photodynamic destruction of target tissue.

Approved indications

Common side effects

No common side effects on file.

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.

SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results

Competitive intelligence

For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:

Frequently asked questions about HAL 5% with illumination

What is HAL 5% with illumination?

HAL 5% with illumination is a Photosensitizing agent drug developed by Photocure.

How does HAL 5% with illumination work?

HAL is converted to protoporphyrin IX in cells, which accumulates preferentially in abnormal tissue and produces reactive oxygen species upon light activation.

Who makes HAL 5% with illumination?

HAL 5% with illumination is developed by Photocure (see full Photocure pipeline at /company/photocure).

What drug class is HAL 5% with illumination in?

HAL 5% with illumination belongs to the Photosensitizing agent class. See all Photosensitizing agent drugs at /class/photosensitizing-agent.

What development phase is HAL 5% with illumination in?

HAL 5% with illumination is in Phase 2.

Related

Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing