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Glatiramer Acetate (GTR)
Glatiramer acetate is a synthetic polypeptide that modulates immune responses by promoting anti-inflammatory T cell and B cell responses, reducing autoimmune attack on myelin.
Glatiramer acetate is a synthetic polypeptide that modulates immune responses by promoting anti-inflammatory T cell and B cell responses, reducing autoimmune attack on myelin. Used for Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) with high risk of MS.
At a glance
| Generic name | Glatiramer Acetate (GTR) |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Synthon BV |
| Drug class | Immunomodulator; synthetic polypeptide |
| Target | T cell receptor (indirect); myelin-reactive B and T cells |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Immunology; Neurology |
| Phase | Phase 3 |
Mechanism of action
Glatiramer acetate mimics myelin basic protein and acts as a decoy antigen, shifting the immune response from pro-inflammatory Th1/Th17 cells toward anti-inflammatory Th2 and regulatory T cells. This reduces the activation and infiltration of autoreactive lymphocytes into the central nervous system, thereby decreasing demyelination and neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis.
Approved indications
- Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS)
- Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) with high risk of MS
Common side effects
- Injection site reactions (erythema, induration, pruritus)
- Immediate post-injection reaction (flushing, chest tightness, dyspnea, palpitations)
- Lipoatrophy at injection sites
- Headache
- Infection (upper respiratory, urinary tract)
Key clinical trials
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |