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Botulinum toxin A (Botox A®)

NICHD Pelvic Floor Disorders Network · Phase 3 active Small molecule

Botulinum toxin A blocks acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction by cleaving SNARE proteins, causing temporary muscle paralysis.

Botulinum toxin A blocks acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction by cleaving SNARE proteins, causing temporary muscle paralysis. Used for Overactive bladder with urge incontinence (pelvic floor disorders), Muscle spasticity, Chronic migraine.

At a glance

Generic nameBotulinum toxin A (Botox A®)
Also known as(Botox A®)
SponsorNICHD Pelvic Floor Disorders Network
Drug classNeurotoxin; Acetylcholine release inhibitor
TargetSNAP-25 (synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa)
ModalitySmall molecule
Therapeutic areaNeurology; Urology; Pain Management
PhasePhase 3

Mechanism of action

Botulinum toxin A is a neurotoxin that irreversibly cleaves SNARE proteins (specifically SNAP-25) required for acetylcholine vesicle fusion and release at the presynaptic terminal. This prevents neuromuscular transmission, resulting in flaccid paralysis of the injected muscle. The effect is temporary, lasting 3-4 months, as the body gradually regenerates new nerve terminals.

Approved indications

Common side effects

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

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SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results

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