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All licensed antiretroviral medications
Antiretroviral medications inhibit HIV replication by targeting viral enzymes or blocking viral entry into CD4+ T cells.
Antiretroviral medications inhibit HIV replication by targeting viral enzymes or blocking viral entry into CD4+ T cells. Used for HIV-1 infection (treatment and prevention), AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).
At a glance
| Generic name | All licensed antiretroviral medications |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | University of Minnesota |
| Drug class | Antiretroviral agents (multiple classes: NRTIs, NNRTIs, PIs, INSTIs, entry inhibitors) |
| Target | Multiple (HIV reverse transcriptase, HIV protease, HIV integrase, CCR5, CXCR4, gp120/gp41) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Infectious Disease / Virology |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Licensed antiretrovirals work through multiple mechanisms: reverse transcriptase inhibitors block viral RNA-to-DNA conversion, protease inhibitors prevent viral protein maturation, integrase inhibitors block viral DNA integration into the host genome, and entry inhibitors prevent viral attachment or fusion with CD4+ cells. These drugs are used in combination (antiretroviral therapy) to suppress HIV viral load and restore immune function.
Approved indications
- HIV-1 infection (treatment and prevention)
- AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
Common side effects
- Nausea and gastrointestinal disturbance
- Headache
- Rash
- Lipodystrophy (fat redistribution)
- Hepatotoxicity
- Lactic acidosis (rare)
- Peripheral neuropathy
Key clinical trials
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |