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Evaluation of the Impact of Preoperative Anxiety on Postoperative Pain and Emergence Delirium in Patients Undergoing Pediatric Urogenital Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
The goal of this observational study is to learn if preoperative anxiety levels can predict the quality of early postoperative recovery, pain intensity, and the occurrence of emergence delirium in pediatric patients aged 2 to 7 years undergoing elective urogenital surgery, specifically hypospadias repair, orchidopexy, and hydrocele surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does a higher level of preoperative anxiety lead to increased postoperative pain and a higher incidence of emergence delirium? Is there a significant relationship between preoperative anxiety and the speed of physical recovery (discharge readiness) as measured by Aldrete scores? Researchers will compare outcomes of patients with different levels of preoperative anxiety to see if higher anxiety results in poorer recovery profiles in the immediate postoperative period. Participants will: Be assessed for anxiety levels using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) immediately before anesthesia induction. Undergo a standardized anesthesia protocol for their elective urogenital procedure (hypospadias repair, orchidopexy, or hydrocele surgery). Be monitored in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after surgery to evaluate physical recovery (Modified Aldrete Score), delirium (PAED scale), and pain intensity (FLACC scale).
Details
| Lead sponsor | Aydin Adnan Menderes University |
|---|---|
| Status | COMPLETED |
| Enrolment | 114 |
| Start date | 2026-01-01 |
| Completion | 2026-03-15 |
Conditions
- Postoperative Pain
- Preoperative Anxiety
- Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Anesthesia
- Urogenital Diseases
Interventions
- Standardized Perioperative Management and Observational Assessment
Primary outcomes
- Postoperative Pain Intensity — Postoperatively at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes.
Measured using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale. This behavioral scale assesses pain in children who cannot communicate verbally. Each of the five categories is scored from 0 to 2, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate increased pain intensity (0: Relaxed/Comfortable, 1-3: Mild discomfort, 4-6: Moderate pain, 7-10: Severe pain/discomfort). - Incidence and Severity of Emergence Delirium — Postoperatively at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes.
Measured using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale. The scale consists of five items: eye contact, purposeful actions, awareness of surroundings, restlessness, and inconsolability. The total score ranges from 0 to 20, where higher scores indicate greater severity of delirium. A score of 10 or higher is considered clinically significant for the presence of emergence delirium.
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)