Last reviewed · How we verify

NCT05559320

Use of Joystick-operated Ride-on-toys to Improve Affected Arm Use and Function in Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

Completed NA Results posted Last updated 17 June 2025
What this trial tests

NA trial testing Ride-on-toy navigation training in Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy in 15 participants. Completed in 11 May 2024.

Timeline
15 November 2022
Primary endpoint
11 May 2024
11 May 2024

Quick facts

Lead sponsorUniversity of Connecticut
PhaseNA
StatusCompleted
Study typeINTERVENTIONAL
Allocationna
Designsingle group
Maskingnone
Primary purposetreatment
Enrollment15
Start date15 November 2022
Primary completion11 May 2024
Estimated completion11 May 2024
Sites1 location across United States

Drugs / interventions tested

Conditions studied

Sponsor

University of Connecticut

Who can join

Adults 3 to 8, any sex, with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Change in Affected Arm Movement Control Primary · Baseline, at 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase), at 12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)

The Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test (QUEST) is a criterion-referenced, valid, and reliable measure for use between 18 months-12 years to assesses quality of UE function in 4 domains: dissociated movement, grasp, protective extension, and weight bearing. The tool includes 36 items that evaluate movement patterns and hand function in children with CP and are scored on a dichotomous scale. Scores for each sub-domain and the total score are calculated as percentages. The total QUEST score was calculated by summing scores for each sub-domain tested divided by the total number of sub-domains

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training74.9± 3.1
6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training78.3± 3.5
12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training83.8± 2.2
Changes in Use of Affected Arm in Functional Activities Primary · Baseline, at 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase), at 12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)

The Shriner's Hospital Upper Extremity Evaluation (SHUEE) is a video-based assessment designed to assess spontaneous use and dynamic segmental alignment of the affected UE during functional tasks in children with hemiplegic CP between 3 and 18 years. The SHUEE includes 16 bimanual tasks. Of these 16 tasks, to assess the child's actual function of the affected UE a spontaneous use score is calculated during performance of 9 out of the 16 tasks. This Spontaneous Functional Analysis (SFA) score per task is rated on a scale of 0 to 5, where higher values indicate more spontaneous use of the affect

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training52.3± 3.4
6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training53.3± 3.4
12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training60.7± 3.1
Changes in Habitual Arm Activity on the Affected Side Primary · Baseline, at 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase), at 12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)

We will provide children with the Actigraph wrist activity monitors that can be worn like a wristwatch. Children will be asked to wear 2 wrist monitors, one each on both wrists, at 6 timepoints: (a) for one week at the pretest, (b) for one week at mid-point assessment, (c) during first week of training, (d) during last week of training, and (e) for one week at posttest. Children will be provided 2 watches during the pretest visit and they will be requested to wear the watches on both wrists for the next 1 week prior to the start of the training program. Children will be asked to wear the monit

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training48.4± 4.3
at 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training50.9± 5.0
at 12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training50.4± 3.5
Changes in Kinematic Measures of Movement Control on the Affected Arm Primary · at 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase), at 12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)

Data will be collected during a unilateral and bilateral reach-grasp task at self-selected speed involving different objects (foam ball, rattle, and square block) placed at half arm's length (near) and at arm's length (far) on the table. Sensors (Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs)) will be placed on both hands, both forearms, both arms, and the C7 spinous process. We will assess range of motion of joints during upper extremity activities.

Overhead shoulder ROM at 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training113.69± 6.53
Overhead shoulder ROM at 12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training123.93± 7.47
Elbow ROM at 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training112.68± 7.53
Elbow ROM at 12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training132.59± 7.08
Wrist Sagittal ROM at 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training58.72± 13.80
Wrist Sagittal ROM at 12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training69.78± 16.59
Treatment Satisfaction Primary · At 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase), at 12 weeks (i.e. following completion of the intervention phase)

Children will complete the valid and reliable 16-item Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PAES) to rate their experience with the intervention. The PAES includes a mix of 9 positively phrased (e.g., I enjoy it, It gives me energy, etc.) and 7 negatively phrased (e.g., I feel bored, It's no fun at all, etc.) questions that are rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1: Disagree a lot, 5 - Agree a lot). The negatively coded items were reverse coded and an average total score across all items was calculated. The PAES total score ranges from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater levels of enjoymen

6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training3.7± 0.2
12 weeks (i.e. following completion of the intervention phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training3.9± 0.1
Perceived Satisfaction With Intervention Primary · At 12 weeks (i.e. following completion of the intervention and control phases each lasting for 6 weeks)

Children and caregivers will fill out exit questionnaires to assess training satisfaction, enjoyment, repeatability, and caregiver burden.

number of children reporting high enjoyment
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training12
number of caregivers agreeing RNT is overall beneficial
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training15
Ease of Implementation of Training Primary · At 12 weeks (i.e. following completion of the intervention and control phases each lasting for 6 weeks)

Trainers will fill out posttest exit questionnaires to assess ease of implementation of the training program.

number of children wanting to repeat RNT
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training14
number of caregivers reporting some difficulty in independently delivering RNT
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training9
Changes in Treatment Fidelity Across Training Weeks Primary · Early (week 1), Mid (week 3), and late (week 6) training sessions within the 6-week intervention phase

An unbiased coder randomly coded video data (one each of early, mid, and late sessions) from researcher-delivered sessions within the intervention phase using a fidelity checklist to assess adherence to the training protocol. A 159-item fidelity checklist (total possible score: 159) specific to the training program was used for scoring treatment fidelity. Each item was rated on scale of 0 to 1, where 0 meant that the criterion was not satisfied and 1 meant that the fidelity criterion was satisfied. The total scores on the checklist could range from 0 to 159. We calculated a percent fidelity sc

Early (week 1)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training95.1± 0.7
Mid (week 3)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training96.1± 0.4
Late (week 6)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training95.6± 0.7
Changes in Toy Use (in Minutes/Week) Across Training Weeks Primary · From start to end of 6-week intervention phase on a weekly basis

Sensors mounted on the toy will collect data on amount of use (in minutes/week) of the toy during training weeks. We will assess toy use on a weekly basis across the training period.

Week 1 Duration
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training34.3± 3.6
Week 2 Duration
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training41.5± 5.7
Week 3 Duration
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training44.2± 5.1
Week 4 Duration
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training40.4± 4.1
Week 5 Duration
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training38.5± 5.5
Week 6 Duration
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training60.4± 9.7
# of Training Sessions Completed Assessed Using Training Logs Primary · From start to end of 6-week intervention phase on a weekly basis

Researchers will also maintain training logs during the intervention phase to document # of training sessions completed out of the total possible sessions (12).

GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training98.33± 1.21
Changes in Parent-rated Scores on Functional Use of the Affected Arm Secondary · Baseline, at 6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase), at 12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)

The ABILHAND-Kids is a valid and reliable parent-rated questionnaire assessing parent perceptions of their child's level of ease or difficulty in performing 21 manual activities independently over the last 3 months. The questionnaire has been validated as a measure of manual ability for 6-16-year-old children with CP. The 21 manual activities are rated by parents on a 3-point scale of "impossible" (given a score of 0), "difficult" (given a score of 1), or "easy" (given a score of 2). ABILHAND score is expressed in logits, resulting from the conversion of the ordinal raw score into a linear mea

Baseline
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training0.1± 0.4
6-weeks (i.e., at the end of the control phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training0.5± 0.3
12-weeks (i.e., at the end of intervention phase)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training1.2± 0.3
Changes in Amount of Trainer Assistance Needed During Navigation Secondary · Early (week 1), mid (week 3), and late (week 6) training sessions within the 6-week intervention phase

Early, mid, \& late training sessions will be coded for % duration of assisted (child needs trainer-provided manual assistance) versus independent navigation.

Early (week 1)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training73.4± 4.3
Mid (week 3)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training88.7± 3.3
Late (week 6)
GroupValue95% CI
Single Joystick Ride-on-car Navigation Training95.4± 1.7

Sponsor's own description

This research is being done to explore if modified, commercially available, joystick-operated, ride-on-cars can be used to promote bilateral arm function in children with hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy (CP). Specifically, the study evaluates the effects of a 6-week, home-based, child-friendly, innovative program that uses modified, commercially available, joystick-operated, powered ride-on-toys to promote spontaneous affected arm use and function in children with hemiplegic CP.

Publications & conference data

1 peer-reviewed publication reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

  1. A protocol for a single-arm interventional study assessing the effects of a home-based joystick-operated ride-on-toy navigation training programme to improve affected upper extremity function and spontaneous use in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP).
    Shahane V, Kumavor P, Morgan K, Friel KM, et al · · 2023 · cited 5× · PMID 37160396 · DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071742

Verify or expand the search:

Other recruiting trials for Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

Currently open trials in the same condition.

Other University of Connecticut trials

Trials by the same sponsor.

Verify against primary sources

Data sources for this page

Drug Landscape aggregates and links these public records for informational use only. Always verify against the primary source before clinical or regulatory decisions. Canonical URL: https://druglandscape.com/trial/NCT05559320.

Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing