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NCT04571684

Evaluating HITSystem 2.1 to Improve Viral Suppression in Kenya

Completed NA Results posted Last updated 10 July 2025
What this trial tests

NA trial testing HITSystem 2.1 in HIV in 1,639 participants. Completed in 1 April 2024.

Timeline
5 October 2020
Primary endpoint
1 March 2024
1 April 2024

Quick facts

Lead sponsorUniversity of Kansas Medical Center
PhaseNA
StatusCompleted
Study typeINTERVENTIONAL
Allocationrandomized
Designparallel
Maskingnone
Primary purposehealth services research
Enrollment1,639
Start date5 October 2020
Primary completion1 March 2024
Estimated completion1 April 2024
Sites12 locations across Kenya

Drugs / interventions tested

Conditions studied

Sponsor

University of Kansas Medical Center

Who can join

Eligibility, female only, with HIV or Pregnancy. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Number of Participants Receiving Complete PMTCT Primary · 7-15 months (PMTCT enrollment date through 6 months postpartum)

documented receipt of all of the following: maternal ART initiation, antenatal appointment attendance, facility delivery, EID linkage by 7 weeks of age, maternal viral load testing and clinical action per national guidelines through 6 months postpartum (Table 6). Participants who receive all indicated services per guidelines will be coded as 1 or 'yes'. Participants missing \> 1 service will be coded as 0 or incomplete PMTCT services.

GroupValue95% CI
Intervention Arm (HITSystem 2.1)60
Control Arm (Standard of Care)22
Viral Suppression Primary · 1-9 months

Number of clients with a suppressed viral load(\<1000 copies/mL) at delivery

GroupValue95% CI
Intervention Arm (HITSystem 2.1)655
Control Arm (Standard of Care)535
PMTCT Retention Duration (Weeks) Secondary · 7-15 months (PMTCT enrollment date through 6 months postpartum)

The number of weeks women were engaged in PMTCT services

GroupValue95% CI
Intervention Arm (HITSystem 2.1)48.4± 9.6
Control Arm (Standard of Care)47.2± 8.1
Antenatal Viral Load (VL) Test Coverage Secondary · Within one month of enrollment in PMTCT

The number of women receiving viral load testing upon enrolling in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV services (PMTCT).

GroupValue95% CI
Intervention Arm (HITSystem 2.1)330
Control Arm (Standard of Care)137
Postnatal Viral Load (VL) Test Coverage Secondary · Between delivery and 7 months postpartum

The number of women receiving postpartum viral load testing per the Kenyan national guidelines.

GroupValue95% CI
Intervention Arm (HITSystem 2.1)518
Control Arm (Standard of Care)371
Viral Load Test Utility Secondary · PMTCT enrollment date through 6 months postpartum

Number of detectable viral load results with clinical action per guidelines, such as: intensified adherence counseling and/or ARV regimen change

GroupValue95% CI
Intervention Arm (HITSystem 2.1)28
Control Arm (Standard of Care)18
Turnaround Time of Viral Load Sample Collection to Patient Notification Secondary · PMTCT enrollment date through 6 months postpartum

The median number of days from the date of VL sample collection to patient notification, among all viral load tests

GroupValue95% CI
Intervention Arm (HITSystem 2.1)3521 – 56.5
Control Arm (Standard of Care)3523 – 48.3
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence Secondary · 7-15 months (PMTCT enrollment date through 6 months postpartum)

The number of participants with ART adherence \> 95%

GroupValue95% CI
Intervention Arm (HITSystem 2.1)466
Control Arm (Standard of Care)200

Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Time frame: We collected information on adverse events from the time of participant enrollment through 6 months postpartum, up to a total of 15 months.. Reporting threshold: 0%. Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.

Intervention Arm (HITSystem 2.1)
Serious: 41/899 (5%)
Deaths: 14/899
Control Arm (Standard of Care)
Serious: 41/740 (6%)
Deaths: 22/740

Serious adverse events (1 terms)

ReactionSystemIntervention Arm (HITSyste…Control Arm (Standard of C…
Pregnancy LossPregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions

Most-reported serious reactions: Pregnancy Loss.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04571684 adverse events section.

Sponsor's own description

The goal of this project is to rigorously evaluate the efficacy of HIV Infant Tracking System 2.1 (HITSystem, an eHealth intervention that uses short message service (SMS) texts to patients and algorithm-driven electronic alerts for providers) to increase retention in guideline-adherent prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services (PMTCT) and to increase viral suppression and appropriate clinical action through the extended period of 6 months postpartum, compared to standard of care PMTCT services in a matched, cluster randomized controlled trial.

Publications & conference data

4 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

  1. Infant feeding: emerging concepts to prevent HIV transmission.
    Bamford A, Foster C, Lyall H. · · 2024 · cited 9× · PMID 37889586 · DOI 10.1097/qco.0000000000000986
  2. Evaluating the efficacy of the HITSystem 2.1 to improve PMTCT retention and maternal viral suppression in Kenya: Study protocol of a cluster-randomized trial.
    Mokua S, Maloba M, Wexler C, Goggin K, et al · · 2022 · cited 2× · PMID 35881649 · DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0263988
  3. Incorporating the HIV Infant Tracking System into standard-of-care early infant diagnosis of HIV services in Kenya: a cost-effectiveness analysis of the HITSystem randomised trial.
    Finocchario-Kessler S, Goggin K, Wexler C, Maloba M, et al · · 2023 · cited 1× · PMID 37474229 · DOI 10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00216-4
  4. Assessing COVID-related concerns and their impact on antenatal and delivery care among pregnant women living with HIV in Kenya: a brief report.
    Wexler C, Maloba M, Mokua S, Babu S, et al · · 2024 · PMID 38195390 · DOI 10.1186/s12884-023-06216-x

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Other recruiting trials for HIV

Currently open trials in the same condition.

Other University of Kansas Medical Center trials

Trials by the same sponsor.

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