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NCT04558554

Pharmacy Delivery to Expand the Reach of PrEP in Kenya

Completed NA Results posted Last updated 15 March 2024
What this trial tests

NA trial testing pharmacy-based PrEP delivery in HIV Prevention in 1,216 participants. Completed in 31 July 2022.

Timeline
26 November 2020
Primary endpoint
31 July 2022
31 July 2022

Quick facts

Lead sponsorUniversity of Washington
PhaseNA
StatusCompleted
Study typeINTERVENTIONAL
Allocationnon randomized
Designsingle group
Maskingnone
Primary purposehealth services research
Enrollment1,216
Start date26 November 2020
Primary completion31 July 2022
Estimated completion31 July 2022
Sites2 locations across Kenya

Drugs / interventions tested

Conditions studied

Sponsor

University of Washington

Who can join

18 and older, any sex, with HIV Prevention. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

PrEP Initiation Primary · Over 13-month duration of Study 1a and 6-month duration of Study 2

Cumulative number of participants who initiated PrEP at pilot pharmacies (during Study 1a and Study 2) among those eligible for pharmacy PrEP services.

GroupValue95% CI
Study 1a: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot (13 Months)287
Study 2: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot Extension (6 Months)661
PrEP Retention Primary · Over 13-month duration of Study 1a, 12-month duration of Study 1b, and 6-month duration of Study 2

For Study 1a and 2: Percentage of participants who refilled PrEP at a pilot pharmacy, among those who initiated PrEP at a pilot pharmacy. Study 1b: Percentage of participants who refilled PrEP either at a pilot pharmacy or at a pilot clinic, among those who initiated PrEP at a pilot clinic.

GroupValue95% CI
Study 1a: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery (13 Months)153
Study 1b: Pharmacy-based PrEP Refill (12 Months)41
Study 2: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot Extension (6 Months)476
Study 1a: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery (13 Months)134
Study 1b: Pharmacy-based PrEP Refill (12 Months)65
Study 2: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot Extension (6 Months)185
PEP Initiation Secondary · Over 6-month duration of Study 2

Study 2: Number of participants who initiated PEP at a pilot pharmacy.

GroupValue95% CI
Study 2: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot Extension (6 Months)162
Selection of Pharmacy-based PrEP Refills Secondary · During the 12-month duration of Study 1b

Study 1b: Percentage of participants who initiated PrEP at a clinic and subsequently opted to refill their PrEP prescription at a pilot pharmacy.

GroupValue95% CI
Study 1b: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Refill (12 Months)3
PrEP Adherence Secondary · Over 12-month duration of Study 1a and the 6-month duration of Study 2

Study 1a and Study 2: Percentage of randomly selected DBS samples with drug concentrations indicating PrEP adherence

GroupValue95% CI
Study 1a: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery (13 Months)16
Study 2: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot Extension (6 Months)16
STI Testing Uptake Secondary · Over 6-month duration of Study 2

Study 2: Number of participants who opt to undergo STI testing (provide a urine sample for lab-based testing) at pilot pharmacies

GroupValue95% CI
Study 2: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot Extension (6 Months)53
Transition From PEP to PrEP Secondary · Over 6-month duration of Study 2

Study 2: Percentage of participants who completed the full PEP regimen and subsequently initiated PrEP at a pilot pharmacy, among those who initiated PEP at a pilot pharmacy,

GroupValue95% CI
Study 2: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot Extension (6 Months)30
PrEP Initiation Among STI Testing Clients Secondary · Over 6-month duration of Study 2

Study 2: Number of participants who come to a study pharmacy for STI testing, undergo STI testing, and initiate PrEP at the pilot pharmacy during the same study visit or a subsequent study visit

GroupValue95% CI
Study 2: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot Extension (6 Months)45
Selection of Option to Self-administer HIV Risk Assessment Screening Tool Secondary · Over 6-month duration of Study 2

Study 2: Number of participants who opt to self-administer the HIV Risk Assessment Screening Tool (as opposed to having the pharmacy provider administer it)

GroupValue95% CI
Study 2: Pharmacy-based PrEP Delivery Pilot Extension (6 Months)151

Sponsor's own description

3 consecutive studies to test a novel model for PrEP initiation and refills in Kenya: pharmacy-based PrEP delivery.

Publications & conference data

8 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

  1. Stand-alone model for delivery of oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Kenya: a single-arm, prospective pilot evaluation.
    Ortblad KF, Mogere P, Omollo V, Kuo AP, et al · · 2023 · cited 30× · PMID 37306128 · DOI 10.1002/jia2.26131
  2. Understanding Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence in Young Women in Kenya.
    Haberer JE, Mugo N, Bukusi EA, Ngure K, et al · · 2022 · cited 26× · PMID 35147580 · DOI 10.1097/qai.0000000000002876
  3. HIV self-testing: finding its way in the prevention tool box.
    Ortblad KF, Stekler JD. · · 2020 · cited 18× · PMID 33250049 · DOI 10.1186/s12916-020-01852-y
  4. Barriers to and strategies for early implementation of pharmacy-delivered HIV PrEP services in Kenya: An analysis of routine data.
    Nakambale HN, Roche SD, Mogere P, Omollo V, et al · · 2023 · cited 17× · PMID 36895656 · DOI 10.3389/frph.2023.1023568
  5. Integration of HIV prevention and sexual and reproductive health in the era of anti-retroviral-based prevention: findings from assessments in Kenya, Malawi and Zimbabwe.
    Kachale F, Mahaka I, Mhuriro F, Mugambi M, et al · · 2021 · cited 14× · PMID 37794965 · DOI 10.12688/gatesopenres.13330.2
  6. The Fidelity of a Pharmacy-Based Oral HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Delivery Model in Kenya.
    Omollo V, Asewe M, Mogere P, Maina G, et al · · 2023 · cited 12× · PMID 37079900 · DOI 10.1097/qai.0000000000003208
  7. A modified pharmacy provider-led delivery model of oral HIV pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis in Kenya: a pilot study extension.
    Roche SD, Omollo V, Mogere P, Asewe M, et al · · 2025 · cited 5× · PMID 40569884 · DOI 10.1002/jia2.26467
  8. Feasibility and Impact of Community Pharmacy and Novel Pick-up Points for Antiretroviral Therapy Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Initiation and Continuation in Low and Middle-income Countries.
    Lalla-Edward ST, Venter WDF. · · 2024 · cited 3× · PMID 39548044 · DOI 10.1007/s11904-024-00710-3

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