NCT04334525

Promoting Healthier Eating Among Children in Restaurants

Completed NA Last updated 13 January 2026

What this trial tests

NA trial testing Choice architecture + repeated exposure in Diet, Healthy in 241 participants. Completed in 24 November 2024.

Timeline

13 November 2019

Primary endpoint
22 November 2024

24 November 2024

Quick facts

Lead sponsor	State University of New York at Buffalo
Phase	NA
Status	Completed
Study type	INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation	randomized
Design	parallel
Masking	none
Primary purpose	prevention
Enrollment	241
Start date	13 November 2019
Primary completion	22 November 2024
Estimated completion	24 November 2024
Sites	1 location across United States

Drugs / interventions tested

• Choice architecture + repeated exposure

Conditions studied

• Diet, Healthy — all drugs for Diet, Healthy →

Sponsor

State University of New York at Buffalo

Who can join

Adults 4 to 8, any sex, with Diet, Healthy. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Sponsor's own description

Restaurants are normative eating contexts for many families. Restaurant meals tend to be higher in calories and lower in nutritional quality than those prepared at home. Targeting children's food selection in restaurants has the potential to improve diet quality, attenuate excess energy intake, and shape healthy habits. The objective of this study is to make healthier kids' meal options more appealing and easier to choose via an in-restaurant intervention that combines repeated exposure and choice architecture strategies. Six locations of a quick-service restaurant will be paired based on income levels in the surrounding census tracts. A location from each pair will be randomized to each study group (intervention, control). Recruitment and data collection will be conducted across 3 cohorts, with recruitment conducted during a family's regular visit. Study participation will involve 7 more visits to the location where the family was recruited, 6 of which will be during an exposure period of about 2 months. Families in intervention restaurants will receive placemats promoting healthier featured kids' meals. Participating families will also receive a frequent diner card which, after purchasing one of the featured healthier kids' meals across 6 occasions, makes them eligible for a free kids' meal of their choice during a predetermined redemption period. In the control group, generic placemats will be provided, and participating families will be provided with frequent diner cards that can be used for any kids' meals. The aims of this study are: (1) to test effects of a healthier kids' meal intervention on children's meal orders, and (2) to test effects of a healthier kids' meal intervention on children's dietary intake. It is hypothesized that (1a) children in the intervention restaurants will be more likely than controls to select one of the promoted healthier kids' meals at post-test, (1b) children in the intervention group will order fewer calories and desserts and less saturated fat, sodium, and sugar at post-test versus controls, (1c) the promoted healthier meals will make up a greater percentage of kids' meals ordered in intervention restaurants versus controls, based on sales data across the study period, and (2) compared to controls, children in the intervention group will consume fewer calories and less saturated fat, sodium, and sugar in the restaurant at post-test.

Publications & conference data

1 peer-reviewed publication reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

1. Promoting Healthier Meal Selection and Intake Among Children in Restaurants: Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Trial.
   Anzman-Frasca S, Tauriello S, Epstein L, Ferrante MJ, et al · · 2025 · PMID 41072006 · DOI 10.2196/73618