NCT04219189

The Acute Effect of Vaping on Food Intake

Completed NA Results posted Last updated 5 December 2023

What this trial tests

NA trial testing Vaping condition in Energy Intake in 40 participants. Completed in 21 September 2022.

Timeline

22 September 2021

Primary endpoint
21 September 2022

21 September 2022

Quick facts

Lead sponsor	Virginia Commonwealth University
Phase	NA
Status	Completed
Study type	INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation	randomized
Design	crossover
Masking	none
Primary purpose	other
Enrollment	40
Start date	22 September 2021
Primary completion	21 September 2022
Estimated completion	21 September 2022
Sites	1 location across United States

Drugs / interventions tested

• Vaping condition
• Control condition

Conditions studied

• Energy Intake — all drugs for Energy Intake →
• Food Intake — all drugs for Food Intake →
• E-Cig Use — all drugs for E-Cig Use →
• Appetite — all drugs for Appetite →

Sponsor

Virginia Commonwealth University

Who can join

Adults 18 to 65, any sex, with Energy Intake or Food Intake. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Energy Intake Primary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Energy intake in kilocalories (kcal) during the ad libitum buffet meal will be measured via directly weighed food provision and waste (food/energy intake is calculated by difference).

Kilocalories (active )

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	1102.1	± 615.3
Control to Vaping Group	1003.4	± 577.5

Kilocalories (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	910.4	± 529.4
Control to Vaping Group	868.3	± 443.6

Dietary Added Sugar Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary added sugar intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Added Sugar (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	28.4	± 27.5
Control to Vaping Group	43.0	± 28.9

Added sugar (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	25.0	± 19.7
Control to Vaping Group	37.7	± 24.4

Dietary Sugar Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary sugar intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Sugar (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	32.9	± 28.0
Control to Vaping Group	54.0	± 41.3

Sugar (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	29.2	± 20.1
Control to Vaping Group	50.0	± 38.0

Dietary Fat Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary fat intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Fat (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	40.9	± 27.6
Control to Vaping Group	52.9	± 27.6

Fat (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	37.7	± 24.3
Control to Vaping Group	51.2	± 28.4

Dietary Carbohydrate Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary carbohydrate intake

Carb (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	82.2	± 51.8
Control to Vaping Group	106.6	± 62.0

Carb (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	72.8	± 34.8
Control to Vaping Group	105.3	± 55.1

Dietary Protein Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary protein intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Protein (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	51.7	± 33.7
Control to Vaping Group	58.3	± 34.1

Protein (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	46.7	± 29.0
Control to Vaping Group	53.1	± 34.1

Dietary Calcium Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary calcium intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Calcium (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	287.1	± 332.5
Control to Vaping Group	404.5	± 269.8

Calcium (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	294.4	± 294.9
Control to Vaping Group	404.2	± 349.2

Dietary Cholesterol Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary cholesterol intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Cholesterol (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	121.0	± 82.3
Control to Vaping Group	143.2	± 103.8

Cholesterol (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	113.1	± 75.7
Control to Vaping Group	146.3	± 112.9

Dietary Fiber Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary fiber intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Fiber (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	3.2	± 2.6
Control to Vaping Group	4.4	± 3.9

Fiber (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	3.2	± 2.6
Control to Vaping Group	4.9	± 4.3

Dietary Iron Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary iron intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Iron (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	2.9	± 1.7
Control to Vaping Group	3.3	± 2.5

Iron (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	2.5	± 1.3
Control to Vaping Group	3.5	± 2.4

Dietary Potassium Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary potassium intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Potassium (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	606.4	± 304.1
Control to Vaping Group	739.1	± 470.5

Potassium (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	544.4	± 222.9
Control to Vaping Group	808.6	± 509.2

Dietary Sodium Intake Secondary · intake was assessed over a 30 minute meal

Dietary sodium intake was calculated across all food consumed during the ad lib buffet meal and summed to estimate total intake and compare between active and control conditions.

Sodium (active)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	2045.5	± 1215.1
Control to Vaping Group	2350.4	± 1393.2

Sodium (control)

Group	Value	95% CI
Vaping to Control Group	1865.3	± 1047.6
Control to Vaping Group	2255.8	± 1376.1

Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Time frame: Data were collected following enrollment (screening/baseline visit) until completion of the final session or last date of contact with the participant (if withdrawn). The typical length of the study participation was approximately 2-4 weeks.. Reporting threshold: 5%. Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.

Vaping to Control Group

Serious: 0/18 (0%)

Deaths: 0/18

Control to Vaping Group

Serious: 0/16 (0%)

Deaths: 0/16

Other adverse events (1 terms — click to expand)

Reaction	System	Vaping to Control Group	Control to Vaping Group
Dizziness	General disorders	—	—

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04219189 adverse events section.

Sponsor's own description

This study assesses the acute effects of a standardized 20-minute vaping episode compared to a non-vaping control condition on ad libitum food intake during a 30-minute buffet meal, occurring approximately 45 minutes after the vaping episode

Publications & conference data

1 peer-reviewed publication reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

1. Initial evidence of the acute effect of electronic nicotine delivery system use on energy intake.
   Maldonado GT, Höchsmann C, Anbil A, Neubig K, et al · · 2024 · PMID 38358733 · DOI 10.1037/pha0000710