Adults 18 to 65, any sex, with Beta Rhythm or Tactile Perception. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.
Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov
Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.
Threshold-Level Tactile Detection Hit RatePrimary· Tactile detection was assessed between TMS and no TMS trials continuously during the TMS interventions - during the Active SI TMS session, and during either the Active Control TMS or Sham Control TMS session. The sessions were at least 1 week apart.
Participants receive one or zero tactile stimuli per trial and report detection or non-detection using a button press. Tactile stimuli are delivered at participants' individual perceptual threshold level (perceived roughly half the time). On a given trial, TMS may also be delivered 100 msec before the tap ('TMS100'), 25 msec after the tap ('TMS25'), or not at all ('TMS Null'), each for an equal number of trials. The 'hit rate' is defined as the number of trials with correctly detected tactile stimuli divided by the total number of trials on which a tactile stimulus was presented.
Group
Value
95% CI
Active SI TMS Null (Active Control Group)
0.37
± 0.11
Active SI TMS25 (Active Control Group)
0.46
± 0.12
Active SI TMS100 (Active Control Group)
0.47
± 0.11
Active Control TMS Null
0.32
± 0.10
Active Control TMS25
0.41
± 0.12
Active Control TMS100
0.42
± 0.12
Sham Control TMS Null
0.31
± 0.12
Sham Control TMS25
0.38
± 0.12
Sham Control TMS100
0.40
± 0.11
Active SI TMS Null (Sham Control Group)
0.39
± 0.10
Active SI TMS25 (Sham Control Group)
0.42
± 0.11
Active SI TMS100 (Sham Control Group)
0.40
± 0.10
EEG Tactile Evoked Response Potential (ERP)Secondary· EEG measures were assessed between TMS and no TMS trials continuously during the TMS interventions - during the Active SI TMS session, and during either the Active Control TMS or Sham Control TMS session. The sessions were at least 1 week apart.
Participants receive one tactile stimulus per trial concurrent with EEG recording. The EEG-measured ERP immediately following each tactile stimulus is assessed and compared across conditions, with and without TMS at different latencies. 'TMS null' refers to trials in which no TMS was delivered, 'TMS100' refers to trials in which TMS was delivered 100 msec before the tactile stimulus, and 'TMS25' refers to trials in which TMS was delivered 25 msec after the tactile stimulus. 'Hit trials' are trials in which the tactile stimulus was delivered and corrected detected, and 'miss trials' are trials
Group
Value
95% CI
Active SI-Hand TMS Null - Hit Trials
-0.7937
± 0.8361
Active SI-Hand TMS Null - Miss Trials
-0.2330
± 0.4005
Active SI-Hand TMS25 - Hit Trials
-1.3684
± 1.1736
Active SI-Hand TMS25 - Miss Trials
-0.8988
± 1.5002
Active SI-Hand TMS100 - Hit Trials
0.0562
± 0.8992
Active SI-Hand TMS100 - Miss Trials
0.0727
± 0.9644
Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov
Time frame: Adverse events were assessed at each study visit (MRI, first TMS-EEG, second TMS-EEG, third TMS-EEG if applicable), and covered the periods during and between visits, up to a total of 2 years (between the MRI to final TMS-EEG visits)..
Reporting threshold: 0%.
Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.
Low-frequency brain rhythms in the alpha (8-14Hz) and beta (15-29Hz) bands are strong predictors of perception and functional performance in a range of tasks, and are disrupted in several disease states. The purpose of this study is to investigate a direct causal relationship between low-frequency brain rhythms and sensory perception, and to optimize commonly used TMS paradigms to impact sensory processing and perception in a similar manner as endogenous rhythms. To do so, this study combines human magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), non-invasive brain stimulation (transcranial magnetic stimulation; TMS), and biophysically principled computational neural modeling.
Publications & conference data
No peer-reviewed publications indexed yet for this trial. Completed trials usually publish results within 12-18 months.
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Sponsor: as reported to ClinicalTrials.gov by Brown University
Last refreshed: 23 February 2026
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