NCT03949803 (ONTIME-CHOC) is a NA clinical trial of Chocolate 100gr in Menopause, sponsored by Universidad de Murcia.

Who is sponsoring NCT03949803?

NCT03949803 is sponsored by Universidad de Murcia.

What drugs are being tested in NCT03949803?

Interventions in NCT03949803: Chocolate 100gr.

Is NCT03949803 still recruiting?

NCT03949803 is currently completed. Last updated 15 April 2025.

Are results published for NCT03949803?

Yes — primary outcome results have been posted to ClinicalTrials.gov. See the outcomes section above for details.

Last reviewed 2025-04-15 · How we verify

NCT03949803: ONTIME-CHOC

Name: Drug Landscape Pharmaceutical Database
Creator: Drug Landscape
Published: 2026-01-01
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Eating Chocolate at the Right Time Benefits the Circadiam Sytem and Metabolic Efficiency.

Completed NA Results posted Last updated 15 April 2025

What this trial tests

NA trial testing Chocolate 100gr in Menopause in 19 participants. Completed in 20 April 2017.

Timeline

1 November 2016

Primary endpoint
15 January 2017

20 April 2017

Quick facts

Lead sponsor	Universidad de Murcia
Phase	NA
Status	Completed
Study type	INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation	randomized
Design	crossover
Masking	none
Primary purpose	prevention
Enrollment	19
Start date	1 November 2016
Primary completion	15 January 2017
Estimated completion	20 April 2017

Drugs / interventions tested

Chocolate 100gr

Conditions studied

Menopause — all drugs for Menopause →

Sponsor

Universidad de Murcia — full company profile →

Who can join

Adults 45 to 65, female only, with Menopause. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Resting Energy Expenditure (Indirect Calorimetry) Primary · Baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition

The investigators will measure by indirect calorimetry the resting energy expenditure after each condition (no chocolate, Morning Chocolate, Night Chocolate) Changes in Resting Energy Expenditure (Indirect Calorimetry) were determined by changes in resting energy expenditure occurred in the participants between baseline and after 2 weeks in each of the three different experimental conditions. Oxygen (O2) consumption (mL/min) and carbon dioxide (CO2) production (mL/min) were measured. The Respiratory Quotient (RQ) was calculated out of O2 consumption (mL/min) and CO2 production (mL/min). Energy

Resting energy expenditure at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1249.33	± 147.56
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1377.67	± 158.80
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1360.40	± 137.06
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1468.50	± 272.23
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1427.33	± 121.71
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1259.67	± 83.29

Resting energy expenditure Morning Condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1354.33	± 227.25
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1344.00	± 115.47
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1413.80	± 151.61
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1389.00	± 255.97
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1289.67	± 153.05
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1354.00	± 60.23

Resting energy expenditure Evening Condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1292.33	± 126.02
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1459.67	± 30.14
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1323.60	± 174.69
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1497.50	± 208.60
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1281.00	± 187.20
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1351.67	± 60.14

Resting energy expenditure Control Condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1342.00	± 45.64
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1376.67	± 95.36
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1439.20	± 175.72
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1464.50	± 27.58
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1420.67	± 69.87
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1397.00	± 105.79

Total Body Weight Primary · Baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition

The investigators will measure total body weight after each condition (no chocolate, Morning Chocolate, Night Chocolate)

Weight at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	64.32	± 3.43
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	61.97	± 8.09
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	67.87	± 10.37
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	74.08	± 24.50
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	64.42	± 7.13
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	61.95	± 14.90

Weight at Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	63.02	± 1.76
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	62.07	± 8.42
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	67.73	± 10.68
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	73.35	± 22.98
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	64.58	± 7.28
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	63.2	± 15.24

Weight at Night condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	63.22	± 2.28
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	62.00	± 8.66
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	67.68	± 10.91
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	74.25	± 22.98
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	65	± 6.24
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	62.67	± 15.04

Weight at Control condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	63.33	± 2.08
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	61.00	± 7.81
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	68.00	± 10.49
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	74.00	± 24.04
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	64.33	± 7.77
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	60.67	± 14.22

Fragmentation of Wrist Temperature (WT) Daily Rhythm Secondary · Baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition

The investigators will measure the fragmentation parameter derived from wrist temperature after each condition (no chocolate, Morning Chocolate, Night Chocolate). Intradaily variability (IV) characterizes the rhythm fragmentation. Changes in daily rhythm of wrist temperature fragmentation were measured by changes in the fragmentation parameter derived from wrist temperature along the two weeks of intervention in each of the three conditions. The participants wore a wristwatch during the last 7 days of each condition on the non-dominant wrist to record body temperature and activity. Wrist temp

Fragmentation of WT rhythm at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.23	± 0.11
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.15	± 0.05
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.25	± 0.13
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.18	± 0.08
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.13	± 0.05
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.18	± 0.07

Fragmentation of WT rhythm at Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.13	± 0.03
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.18	± 0.04
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.15	± 0.06
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.31	± 0.06
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.18	± 0.08
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.16	± 0.09

Fragmentation of WT rhythm at Night condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.15	± 0.07
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.24	± 0.09
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.21	± 0.10
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.25	± 0.14
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.17	± 0.04
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.20	± 0.14

Fragmentation of WT rhythm at Control condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.11	± 0.03
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.24	± 0.14
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.12	± 0.04
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.15	± 0.04
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.15	± 0.03
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.13	± 0.04

Regularity of Wrist Temperature (WT) Daily Rhythm Secondary · Baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition

The investigators will measure the regularity parameter derived from wrist temperature after each condition (no chocolate, Morning Chocolate, Night Chocolate). RegularIty is measured as interdaily stability (IS), that means rhythm stability over different days; it varied between 0 for Gaussian noise to 1 for perfect stability, where the rhythm repeated itself exactly day after day. Changes in daily rhythm of wrist temperature regularity were measured by changes in the regularity parameter derived from wrist temperature along the two weeks of intervention in each of the three conditions. A reg

Regularity of WT daily rhythm at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.44	± 0.12
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.45	± 0.06
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.49	± 0.16
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.32	± 0.04
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.56	± 0.05
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.35	± 0.17

Regularity of WT daily rhythm at Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.49	± 0.14
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.43	± 0.13
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.41	± 0.07
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.30	± 0.18
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.30	± 0.02
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.44	± 0.16

Regularity of WT daily rhythm at Night condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.41	± 0.22
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.45	± 0.12
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.41	± 0.06
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.40	± 0.07
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.39	± 0.20
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.32	± 0.08

Regularity of WT daily rhythm at Control condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.43	± 0.27
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.34	± 0.15
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.35	± 0.05
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.24	± 0.03
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.42	± 0.22
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.29	± 0.26

Amplitude of Wrist Temperature (WT) Daily Rhythm Secondary · Baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition

The investigators will measure the amplitude parameter derived from wrist temperature after each condition (no chocolate, Morning Chocolate, Night Chocolate). In the cosinor analysis to characterize the WT rhythm, we calculate amplitude (difference between the maximum \[or minimum\] value of the cosine function and mesor) Changes in daily rhythm of wrist temperature amplitude were measured by changes in the amplitude parameter derived from wrist temperature along the two weeks of intervention in each of the three conditions. The participants wore a wristwatch during the last 7 days of each con

Amplitude of WT daily rhythm at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.95	± 0.59
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1.42	± 0.57
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	0.92	± 0.29
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.89	± 0.55
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1.67	± 0.73
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.94	± 0.90

Amplitude of WT daily rhythm at Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1.00	± 0.97
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1.35	± 0.47
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1.45	± 0.38
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.71	± 0.68
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.73	± 0.22
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.95	± 0.67

Amplitude of WT daily rhythm at Night condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1.50	± 0.83
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1.05	± 0.31
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1.16	± 0.33
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.54	± 0.46
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1.12	± 0.26
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.86	± 0.51

Amplitude of WT daily rhythm at Control condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1.83	± 1.05
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.85	± 0.56
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1.51	± 0.47
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	0.77	± 0.34
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	0.95	± 0.63
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1.06	± 0.97

Changes in Microbiota Diversity (Inverse Simpson Index) Secondary · Baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition

Microbiota diversity changes were measured using Inverse Simpson Index, accounting for both species richness (number of species) and evenness (distribution of species). A higher Inverse Simpson Index indicates greater diversity because it reduces the impact of dominant species and gives more weight to rarer species. Unlike the regular Simpson Index (which decreases as diversity increases), the inverse form is more intuitive: higher values mean a more diverse microbiota. This index is widely used in microbiome studies to compare microbial diversity across different samples, such as in health ve

Inverse Simpson Index at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	39.72	± 7.35
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	32.21	± 11.26
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	25.37	± 0
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	30.08	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	52.15	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	33.64	± 22.46

Inverse Simpson Index Control condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	30.31	± 11.49
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	34.44	± 3.81
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	37.38	± 0
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	32.65	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	41.94	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	42.67	± 1.39

Inverse Simpson Index Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	30.53	± 19.08
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	29.60	± 12.83
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	30.12	± 0
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	18.70	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	31.87	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	34.49	± 34.08

Evening condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	28.70	± 13.26
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	38.91	± 3.75
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	37.73	± 0
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	35.58	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	28.25	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	27.14	± 19.15

Concentration of Total Short-chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) Secondary · After 2 weeks in each condition

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in fecal samples were analyzed using gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) with a GC-FID system. Samples were mixed with NaOH, lyophilized, and homogenized with formic acid, methanol, and an internal standard (2-ethyl butyric acid). After ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation, the supernatant was filtered and injected into an Agilent 7890A GC system equipped with a Nukol capillary column. Helium was used as the carrier gas, and the FID temperature was set at 220°C. SCFAs were identified by comparing retention times with authentic standards, and quantification was pe

Total SCFA Control condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	419.93	± 160.81
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	293.15	± 107.81
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	588.49	± 0
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	196.93	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	659.92	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	596.45	± 0

Total SCFA Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	533.10	± 171.38
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	450.68	± 209.02
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	482.40	± 0
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	876.56	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	608.80	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	426.75	± 0

Total SCFA Evening condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	377.78	± 152.54
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	661.70	± 217.39
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	552.32	± 0
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	754.51	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	890.21	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	580.86	± 0

Energy Intake Secondary · Baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition

The investigators will measure changes in total energy intake measured as kilocalories between baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition (no chocolate, Morning Chocolate, Night Chocolate) At baseline and during the 2 weeks of each condition, time-stamped photographs were captured with a cell phone app. Total energy intake during the 14 days of each condition was analyzed with the nutritional evaluation software (Grunumur 2.0 8).

Energy intake at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1177.20	± 402.25
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1987.20	± 404.29
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1558.15	± 271.12
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	2044.61	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1843.39	± 208.39
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	2031.93	± 271.14

Energy intake at Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1596.74	± 340.18
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	2214.31	± 122.01
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	2374.69	± 248.37
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	2034.83	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1933.39	± 109.42
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	2248.11	± 220.18

Energy intake at Night condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1929.59	± 295.25
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	2225.40	± 26.95
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	2237.69	± 570.40
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	2487.92	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	2248.46	± 64.52
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	2448.73	± 589.64

Energy intake at Control condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	1797.58	± 431.61
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1843.50	± 405.89
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	2173.95	± 722.95
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1882.36	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	1548.47	± 97.43
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	1766.66	± 358.91

Macronutrient Composition Secondary · Baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition

The investigators will measure macronutrient composition measured as and grams per day between baseline and after 2 weeks in each condition (no chocolate, Morning Chocolate, Night Chocolate). At baseline and during the 2 weeks of each condition, time-stamped photographs were captured with a cell phone app. Macronutrient composition during the 14 days of each condition was analyzed with the nutritional evaluation software (Grunumur 2.0 8).

Carbohydrates at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	111.39	± 45.57
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	198.72	± 30.66
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	182.84	± 45.09
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	202.74	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	164.86	± 40.63
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	171.72	± 39.89

Fat at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	58.78	± 13.50
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	101.32	± 28.72
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	66.44	± 19.62
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	103.12	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	92.87	± 10.77
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	116.83	± 15.56

Protein at Baseline

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	45.56	± 10.26
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	76.59	± 10.76
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	58.37	± 17.75
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	75.46	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	75.28	± 6.49
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	71.53	± 11.08

Carbohydrates at Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	156.78	± 21.09
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	256.53	± 36.88
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	239.23	± 39.60
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	214.30	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	174.29	± 31.04
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	217.07	± 29.02

Fat at Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	76.97	± 19.28
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	102.66	± 14.92
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	122.65	± 14.30
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	99.44	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	103.31	± 19.58
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	119.00	± 9.83

Protein at Morning condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	67.17	± 15.70
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	74.10	± 6.43
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	80.39	± 10.18
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	66.61	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	70.88	± 2.34
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	83.28	± 7.52

Carbohydrates at Night condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	174.53	± 21.70
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	237.02	± 10.58
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	232.31	± 50.15
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	233.36	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	207.00	± 27.04
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	233.52	± 76.51

Fat at Night condition

Group	Value	95% CI
Morning Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Control Chocolate	102.36	± 21.85
Morning Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	109.84	± 2.46
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Control Chocolate	112.92	± 34.86
Evening/Night Chocolate, Then Control Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	139.51	± 0
Control Chocolate, Then Morning Chocolate and Evening/Night Chocolate	115.74	± 7.39
Control Chocolate, Then Evening/Night Chocolate and Morning Chocolate	131.45	± 25.01

Sponsor's own description

The purpose of this investigation is to test the hypothesis that in humans, eating a relatively big amount of chocolate at the wrong time (bedtime) may disrupt our circadian system (change the circadian phase), while taking this same amount of chocolate in the morning (wake up condition) may synchronize it. Other related factors may be also affected such as total body weight and body fat, dietary habits (total energy intake and macronutrient distribution), the timing of food intake and of sleep, daily rhythms of TAP, microflora composition and postprandial glycemia.

Publications & conference data

No peer-reviewed publications indexed yet for this trial. Completed trials usually publish results within 12-18 months.

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Verify against primary sources

ClinicalTrials.gov — authoritative US registry record
WHO ICTRP — international registry index
EU Clinical Trials Register
Sponsor press releases (Google)

Data sources for this page

Trial protocol + status: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03949803 (US National Library of Medicine, public domain)
Drug + disease cross-links: matched in real time against Drug Landscape's normalised drug + company + condition tables
Sponsor: as reported to ClinicalTrials.gov by Universidad de Murcia
Last refreshed: 15 April 2025

Drug Landscape aggregates and links these public records for informational use only. Always verify against the primary source before clinical or regulatory decisions. Canonical URL: https://druglandscape.com/trial/NCT03949803.

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