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NCT03918499

IRX-2, Cyclophosphamide, and Pembrolizumab in Treating Participants With Recurrent or Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer

Completed Phase 1, PHASE2 Results posted Last updated 23 March 2023
What this trial tests

Phase 1, PHASE2 trial testing Cyclophosphamide in Clinical Stage IV Gastric Cancer AJCC v8 in 9 participants. Completed in 9 February 2023.

Timeline
19 April 2019
Primary endpoint
9 February 2023
9 February 2023

Quick facts

Lead sponsorCity of Hope Medical Center
PhasePhase 1, PHASE2
StatusCompleted
Study typeINTERVENTIONAL
Allocationna
Designsingle group
Maskingnone
Primary purposetreatment
Enrollment9
Start date19 April 2019
Primary completion9 February 2023
Estimated completion9 February 2023
Sites3 locations across United States

Drugs / interventions tested

Conditions studied

Sponsor

City of Hope Medical Center

Who can join

18 and older, any sex, with Clinical Stage IV Gastric Cancer AJCC v8 or Clinical Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Progression-free Survival Primary · From first day of study drug administration to disease progression or death, assessed up to 2 years

Estimated using the product-limit method of Kaplan and Meier. From initial treatment until progression or death. Progression is defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions.

GroupValue95% CI
Treatment (Pembrolizumab, Cyclophosphamide, and IRX-2)1.10.4 – 2.0
Overall Survival Secondary · Up to 2 years

Estimated using the product-limit method of Kaplan and Meier. From the time of initial treatment until death from any cause.

GroupValue95% CI
Treatment (Pembrolizumab, Cyclophosphamide, and IRX-2)2.90.4 – 8.7
Overall Response Secondary · Up to 2 years

Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR

GroupValue95% CI
Treatment (Pembrolizumab, Cyclophosphamide, and IRX-2)0

Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Time frame: Adverse events occurred over a period of 2 years and 6 months.. Reporting threshold: 0%. Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.

Treatment (Pembrolizumab, Cyclophosphamide, and IRX-2)
Serious: 2/9 (22%)
Deaths: 9/9

Serious adverse events (3 terms)

ReactionSystemTreatment (Pembrolizumab, …
Pericardial effusionCardiac disorders
Small intestinal obstructionGastrointestinal disorders
PneumothoraxRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Other adverse events (108 terms — click to expand)

ReactionSystemTreatment (Pembrolizumab, …
AnemiaBlood and lymphatic system disorders
NauseaGastrointestinal disorders
FatigueGeneral disorders
Alkaline phosphatase increasedInvestigations
HypoalbuminemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
Peripheral sensory neuropathyNervous system disorders
AnorexiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
HypocalcemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
HyponatremiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
Abdominal painGastrointestinal disorders
ConstipationGastrointestinal disorders
DysphagiaGastrointestinal disorders
10020772-HypertensionVascular disorders
DiarrheaGastrointestinal disorders
VomitingGastrointestinal disorders
HypoproteinemiaInvestigations
CoughRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
DyspneaRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
PainGeneral disorders
Edema limbsGeneral disorders
Thyroid stimulating hormone incInvestigations
HyperglycemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
HypokalemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
Pain in extremityMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Sinus tachycardiaCardiac disorders
AscitesGastrointestinal disorders
Gastroesophageal reflux diseaseGastrointestinal disorders
FeverGeneral disorders
Alanine aminotransferase increaInvestigations
Aspartate aminotransferase incrInvestigations
Platelet count decreasedInvestigations
HyperchloremiaInvestigations
HypochlorinemiaInvestigations
HiccupsRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Nasal congestionRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pleural effusionRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Dry skinSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
PruritusSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Atrial fibrillationCardiac disorders
PalpitationsCardiac disorders

Most-reported serious reactions: Pericardial effusion, Small intestinal obstruction, Pneumothorax.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03918499 adverse events section.

Sponsor's own description

This phase Ib/II trial studies the side effects of IRX-2, cyclophosphamide, and pembrolizumab work in treating participants with gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer that has come back or that has spread to other places in the body. Interleukins, such as those found in IRX-2, are proteins made by white blood cells and other cells in the body and may help regulate immune response. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as cyclophosphamide, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving RX-2, cyclophosphamide, and pembrolizumab may work better in treating participants with gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer.

Publications & conference data

4 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

  1. Neoantigens: promising targets for cancer therapy.
    Xie N, Shen G, Gao W, Huang Z, et al · · 2023 · cited 713× · PMID 36604431 · DOI 10.1038/s41392-022-01270-x
  2. Trial watch: chemotherapy-induced immunogenic cell death in immuno-oncology.
    Vanmeerbeek I, Sprooten J, De Ruysscher D, Tejpar S, et al · · 2020 · cited 179× · PMID 32002302 · DOI 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1703449
  3. Digesting the Role of JAK-STAT and Cytokine Signaling in Oral and Gastric Cancers.
    Ni Y, Low JT, Silke J, O'Reilly LA. · · 2022 · cited 33× · PMID 35844493 · DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.835997
  4. Neoantigen-based immunotherapy: advancing precision medicine in cancer and glioblastoma treatment through discovery and innovation.
    Naffaa MM, Al-Ewaidat OA, Gogia S, Begiashvili V. · · 2025 · cited 4× · PMID 40309350 · DOI 10.37349/etat.2025.1002313

Verify or expand the search:

Other trials of Cyclophosphamide

Trials testing the same drug.

Other recruiting trials for Clinical Stage IV Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Currently open trials in the same condition.

Other City of Hope Medical Center trials

Trials by the same sponsor.

Verify against primary sources

Data sources for this page

Drug Landscape aggregates and links these public records for informational use only. Always verify against the primary source before clinical or regulatory decisions. Canonical URL: https://druglandscape.com/trial/NCT03918499.

Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing