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NCT03885232

Presumptively Initiating Vaccines and Optimizing Talk With Motivational Interviewing (PIVOT With MI)

Completed NA Results posted Last updated 30 April 2025
What this trial tests

NA trial testing Experimental: PIVOT with MI in Preventive Health Services (PREV HEALTH SERV) in 17,446 participants. Completed in 31 July 2024.

Timeline
1 September 2019
Primary endpoint
17 May 2023
31 July 2024

Quick facts

Lead sponsorUniversity of Colorado, Denver
PhaseNA
StatusCompleted
Study typeINTERVENTIONAL
Allocationrandomized
Designparallel
Maskingdouble
Primary purposehealth services research
Enrollment17,446
Start date1 September 2019
Primary completion17 May 2023
Estimated completion31 July 2024
Sites2 locations across United States

Drugs / interventions tested

Conditions studied

Sponsor

University of Colorado, Denver

Who can join

Adults 1 Day to 18 Months, any sex, with Preventive Health Services (PREV HEALTH SERV). Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Child Immunization Status at 19 Months, 0 Days of Age Characterized as Percent Days Under-immunized (DUI) Primary · Child's immunization status at 19 months of age

Immunization status was obtained from WA or CO state immunization registry or directly from participating practices. At enrollment, parent/infant dyads completed the Parental Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines short version (PACV-SF), a validated survey scored from 0 to 4. A score of 2 or more represented parent/infant dyad with negative vaccine attitudes. Among parent/infant dyads with negative vaccine attitudes, the child's immunization status at 19 months was calculated based on recommended ages and intervals between doses provided by ACIP for summing late days for each dose of the 8 routin

GroupValue95% CI
PIVOT With MI: Parent/Caregiver and Infant Dyad32± 38
Control: Parent/Caregiver and Infant Dyad24± 32
Post-Visit Parental Satisfaction Survey Scored on a 7-point Likert Scale Secondary · approximately 6 months post birth

To assess parental satisfaction with their clinician during a health supervision visit, we asked all vaccine hesitant parents (identified by a Parental Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines-Short Form (PAC-V SF) score of 2 or more) in both both intervention and control arms if they would complete an additional 15-question survey over the phone within 24-48 hours after the completion of a health supervision visit for their child around 6 months of age. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, we had to extend the time frame to within 1 week after a health supervision visit at 2, 4, or 6 months of age. Rating

GroupValue95% CI
PIVOT With MI: Parent/Caregiver and Infant Dyad96
Control: Parent/Caregiver and Infant Dyad96
Change in Clinician Self-Efficacy With Parent/Infant Dyads With Negative Vaccine Attitudes - Pre-vs Post-Surveys Secondary · At Baseline and Post-Intervention (up to 2 years after baseline)

To assess changes in clinicians' perceived self-efficacy when discussing vaccines with parents/infant dyads with negative vaccine attitudes, a survey was administered to all participating clinicians at baseline and at study completion asking about vaccine recommendation behaviors and how they perceived their impact on parental decision making regarding vaccines. Self-efficacy was assessed with a 3-part question scored on a Likert Scale - Strongly Disagree, Somewhat Disagree, Somewhat Agree, Strongly Agree. Changes in perceived self-efficacy over time was assessed by comparing the number of cli

Baseline Survey Results
GroupValue95% CI
PIVOT With MI: Clinicians54
Control: Clinicians39
Post-Study Survey Results
GroupValue95% CI
PIVOT With MI: Clinicians23
Control: Clinicians20

Sponsor's own description

The overall goal of this project is to determine whether a novel and innovative provider communication strategy is effective in improving vaccine acceptance among vaccine-hesitant parents (VHPs) and visit experience among VHPs and their health care providers.

Publications & conference data

3 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

  1. 'Presumptively Initiating Vaccines and Optimizing Talk with Motivational Interviewing' (PIVOT with MI) trial: a protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial of a clinician vaccine communication intervention.
    Opel DJ, Robinson JD, Spielvogle H, Spina C, et al · · 2020 · cited 35× · PMID 32784263 · DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039299
  2. Progress in Evidence-Based Communication About Childhood Vaccines.
    Opel DJ, Henrikson NB, Lepere K, Robinson JD. · · 2020 · cited 4× · PMID 32058106 · DOI 10.1016/j.acap.2020.02.007
  3. Tiered Clinician Vaccine Communication Strategy to Improve Childhood Vaccine Uptake: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Opel DJ, Robinson JD, Zhou C, Colborn K, et al · · 2025 · cited 1× · PMID 40305020 · DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.7814

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Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing