Adults 35 to 90, any sex, with Brain Diseases or Memory Disorders. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.
Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov
Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.
Rey Auditory Verbal Learning TaskPrimary· Pre-LIFUP and Post-LIFUP at Day 1 and Day 15
The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task is an assessment of verbal memory in which a list of 15 words is presented 5 times and participants are asked to repeat all the words they can remember immediately after each list presentation. This is followed by presentation and recall of an interference list. Immediately after the interference trial, the participant is asked to recall the original list. Then, 20 minutes later, they are asked to recall the original list again (delayed recall).
"Learning Trials Total": Total number of words learned / successfully recalled across the five learning trials
Pre-LIFUP Learning Trials Total
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
50.00
± 11.09
LIFUP to Amygdala
50.29
± 9.79
Post-LIFUP Learning Trials Total
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
47.59
± 9.21
LIFUP to Amygdala
47.88
± 11.10
Pre-LIFUP Delayed Recall
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
10.18
± 2.98
LIFUP to Amygdala
10.06
± 2.68
Post-LIFUP Delayed Recall
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
8.82
± 3.43
LIFUP to Amygdala
8.47
± 3.66
State Trait Anxiety Inventory - State (STAIS)Primary· Pre-LIFUP and Post-LIFUP at Day 1 and Day 15
The "state" section of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. This is a 20-question self-report assessment in which participants are asked about how they feel "right now, at this very moment" in order to assess current anxiety levels. Each item is scored on a scale of 1 to 4 points. The total assessment has a range of 20 to 80 points. Higher scores represent higher levels of anxiety.
STAIS Pre-LIFUP
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
25.81
± 6.67
LIFUP to Amygdala
30.69
± 12.00
STAIS Post-LIFUP
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
29.25
± 10.64
LIFUP to Amygdala
30.63
± 15.09
Average Perfusion in Regions Of InterestPrimary· Pre-LIFUP and Post-LIFUP at Day 1 and Day 15
Average perfusion in a given region of interest, as measured by arterial spin labeling. Percent change values calculated as ((Post LIFUP Perfusion - Pre LIFUP Perfusion)/Pre LIFUP Perfusion).
Percent Change Perfusion in the Left Entorhinal Cortex
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
15.75
± 23
LIFUP to Amygdala
6.72
± 34
Percent Change Perfusion in the Right Amygdala
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
7.07
± 35
LIFUP to Amygdala
19.52
± 38
Emotional Reactivity TaskSecondary· Pre-LIFUP and Post-LIFUP at Day 1 and Day 15
An emotional reactivity and reappraisal task (ERT) using images from the International Picture Affective System (IAPS). Arousal ratings ranged from 1 (low arousal, "calm") to 9 (high arousal, "excited"). Valence ratings ranged from 1 (negative, "unhappy") to 9 (positive, "happy"). There were 3 instruction conditions: "WATCH", in which a participant was instructed to passively view a negatively-valenced image, "VIEW", in which they were instructed to passively view a neutral image, and "REAPPRAISE", in which participants were asked to change their emotional response to neutral in response to a
Pre-LIFUP Reactivity - Arousal
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
2.24
± 2.78
LIFUP to Amygdala
2.20
± 2.62
Post-LIFUP Reactivity - Arousal
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
2.14
± 2.98
LIFUP to Amygdala
3.02
± 2.25
Pre-LIFUP Reappraisal - Arousal
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
-0.10
± 0.55
LIFUP to Amygdala
-0.18
± 0.45
Post-LIFUP Reappraisal - Arousal
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
0.22
± 0.97
LIFUP to Amygdala
-0.36
± 0.94
Pre-LIFUP Reactivity - Valence
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
-3.06
± 1.84
LIFUP to Amygdala
-3.44
± 1.31
Post-LIFUP Reactivity - Valence
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
-2.65
± 3.14
LIFUP to Amygdala
-3.21
± 1.71
Pre-LIFUP Reappraisal - Valence
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
0.54
± 1.11
LIFUP to Amygdala
0.37
± 0.87
Post-LIFUP Reappraisal - Valence
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
0.07
± 0.19
LIFUP to Amygdala
0.32
± 0.83
Brief Visuospatial Memory TestSecondary· Pre-LIFUP and Post-LIFUP at Day 1 and Day 15
Performance on the delayed recall (DR) portion of the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT). Score is on a scale of 0-12, with higher scores indicating a better outcome. A score of 12 points represents full recall of all figures in their correct locations.
BVMT DR Pre-LIFUP
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
9.63
± 2.16
LIFUP to Amygdala
10.50
± 1.41
BVMT DR Post-LIFUP
Group
Value
95% CI
LIFUP to Entorhinal Cortex
8.56
± 3.03
LIFUP to Amygdala
8.63
± 2.83
Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov
Time frame: Data was collected on Day 1 and Day 15.
Reporting threshold: 0%.
Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.
Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound Pulsation to Amygdala
Serious: 0/21 (0%)
Deaths: 0/21
Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound Pulsation to Entorhinal Cortex
The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the impact of low intensity focused ultrasound pulsation (LIFUP) to two different brain regions, the amygdala and entorhinal cortex, in older adults. The main questions it aims to answer are:
1. Will LIFUP change brain activity in the targeted regions?
2. Will LIFUP to the amygdala have an impact on anxiety and emotion regulation?
3. Will LIFUP to the entorhinal cortex have an impact on memory performance?
Participants will complete two in-person visits including neuropsychological testing, MRI of the brain, and LIFUP to the brain.
Publications & conference data
5 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):
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Publications: Europe PMC API search by NCT ID, retrieved 10 June 2026
Drug + disease cross-links: matched in real time against Drug Landscape's normalised drug + company + condition tables
Sponsor: as reported to ClinicalTrials.gov by University of California, Los Angeles
Last refreshed: 20 March 2024
Drug Landscape aggregates and links these public records for informational use only. Always verify against the primary source before clinical or regulatory decisions. Canonical URL: https://druglandscape.com/trial/NCT03717922.