Adults 50 to 90, female only, with Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer's Disease. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.
Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov
Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.
Change in Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) Total Recall ScorePrimary· Measured at Baseline and Week 24
Verbal memory was measured with the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) total recall scores. The HVLT form contains 12 nouns, four words each from one of three semantic categories (e.g., precious gems, articles of clothing, vegetables, etc.), to be learned over the course of three learning trials. When scoring the HVLT, the three learning trials are combined to calculate a total recall score. Total scores range from 0-36 with higher scores indicating better outcome.
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
-0.94
± 5.10
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
-1.65
± 6.90
Change in Delayed Recall Cognitive Domain ScoresPrimary· Measured at Baseline and Week 24
Delayed Recall Cognitive Domain score was constructed from: HVLT Delayed Recall, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test \[30-minute Delayed Recall\], WMS-IV Logical Memory II Delayed Recall.
Raw scores were transformed to z-scores (with a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1) for each test score of interest across all participants. A z-score of 0 represents the sample mean. These z-scores were then averaged to produce a Delayed Recall Cognitive Domain score. Higher Delayed Recall Cognitive Domain scores are indicative of better performance.
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
0.02
± 0.55
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
-0.31
± 0.37
Change in Executive Function Cognitive Domain ScoresPrimary· Measured at Baseline and Week 24
Executive Function Cognitive Domain score was constructed from:
Trail Making Test A and B, Stroop Interference \[Golden version\] and FAS.
Raw scores were transformed to z-scores (with a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1) for each test score of interest across all participants. A z-score of 0 represents the sample mean. These z-scores were then averaged to produce an Executive Function Cognitive Domain score. Higher Executive Function Cognitive Domain scores are indicative of better performance.
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
-0.03
± 0.70
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
-0.04
± 0.42
Change in Memory Functioning Questionnaire (MFQ) ScaleSecondary· Measured at Baseline and Week 24, change from baseline to week 24 is reported.
Secondary outcome measures included the Memory Functioning Questionnaire (MFQ), a self-assessment scale. The MFQ is a scale that assesses subjective memory complaints. We will use the following MFQ subscales: General Frequency of Forgetting (MFQ factor 1), Seriousness of Forgetting (MFQ factor 2), and Retrospective Functions (MSQ factor 3). Each item is scored from 1 to 7 with higher scores indicating a higher level of perceived memory functioning. MSQ factor 1 (33 items) ranges from 7 to 231, MFQ factor 2 (18 items) ranges from 7-126 and MSQ factor 3 (5 items) ranges from 7 to 35.
MFQ Factor 1
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
0.29
± 0.75
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
0.54
± 1.03
MFQ Factor 2
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
-0.30
± 1.34
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
0.64
± 1.24
MFQ Factor 3
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
0.51
± 1.58
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
0.70
± 1.04
Change in Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36)Secondary· Measured at Baseline and Week 24, change from baseline to week 24 is reported.
Health-Related quality of life will be determined using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) which comprises 8 scales: physical functioning, role limitations - physical, role limitations - emotional, energy, emotional well-being, social functioning, pain, and general health. Scales are scored from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating higher quality of life.
Physical Functioning
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
0.60
± 26.47
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
2.70
± 20.48
Role Physical
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
-15.90
± 40.41
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
3.12
± 39.91
Role Emotional
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
-18.18
± 44.16
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
2.77
± 46.01
Energy
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
-2.42
± 18.96
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
0.83
± 18.80
Emotional Wellbeing
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
0.72
± 14.01
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
-3.33
± 19.00
Social Functioning
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
0
± 24.60
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
-9.89
± 36.29
Pain
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
-4.92
± 17.35
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
-7.50
± 25.31
General Health
Group
Value
95% CI
Memory Training
1.06
± 13.33
Kundalini Yoga and Meditation
-1.45
± 16.18
Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov
Time frame: Adverse event data were collected from baseline through study completion, up to six months..
Reporting threshold: 0%.
Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.
The purpose of this pilot study will be to test whether Kundalini yoga (KY) and Kirtan Kriya (KK) yogic meditation is superior to Memory Enhancement Training (MET) for improving cognitive functioning, health (including cardiovascular factors), and mood in women with high AD risk.
Publications & conference data
8 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):
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Publications: Europe PMC API search by NCT ID, retrieved 10 June 2026
Drug + disease cross-links: matched in real time against Drug Landscape's normalised drug + company + condition tables
Sponsor: as reported to ClinicalTrials.gov by University of California, Los Angeles
Last refreshed: 8 February 2024
Drug Landscape aggregates and links these public records for informational use only. Always verify against the primary source before clinical or regulatory decisions. Canonical URL: https://druglandscape.com/trial/NCT03503669.