NCT03049917: FIT

Financial Incentives to Increase Pediatric HIV Testing

Completed NA Results posted Last updated 25 June 2021

What this trial tests

NA trial testing Financial incentive in HIV in 452 participants. Completed in 1 October 2018.

Timeline

6 February 2017

Primary endpoint
1 October 2018

1 October 2018

Quick facts

Lead sponsor	University of Washington
Phase	NA
Status	Completed
Study type	INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation	randomized
Design	parallel
Masking	none
Primary purpose	diagnostic
Enrollment	452
Start date	6 February 2017
Primary completion	1 October 2018
Estimated completion	1 October 2018
Sites	1 location across Kenya

Drugs / interventions tested

• Financial incentive

Conditions studied

• HIV — all drugs for HIV →

Sponsor

University of Washington

Who can join

18 and older, any sex, with HIV. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Number of Participants Who Present Children for HIV Testing Primary · 2 months

Number of caregivers who present child(ren) to complete HIV testing at the study clinic within 2 months of recruitment; test results will be recorded in a study questionnaire

Group	Value	95% CI
No Incentive	31
KES Financial Incentive 1	31
KES Financial Incentive 2	44
KES Financial Incentive 3	51
KES Financial Incentive 4	54

Number of Days Participants Take to Bring Children for HIV Testing Primary · 2 months

Number of days it took between randomization and caregiver presenting the child for HIV testing

Group	Value	95% CI
No Incentive	8	3 – 23
KES Financial Incentive 1	7	4 – 14
KES Financial Incentive 2	4	1 – 11
KES Financial Incentive 3	5	2 – 14
KES Financial Incentive 4	5	2 – 8

Number of Female Participants Who Present Children for HIV Testing (Females) Secondary · 2 months

HIV testing \[primary outcome 1\] stratified by caregiver sex (females)

Group	Value	95% CI
No Incentive	25
KES Financial Incentive 1	22
KES Financial Incentive 2	34
KES Financial Incentive 3	29
KES Financial Incentive 4	38
All Females	156

Number of Male Participants Who Present Children for HIV Testing Secondary · 2 months

Time to HIV testing \[primary outcome 1\] stratified by caregiver sex (males)

Group	Value	95% CI
No Incentive	6
KES Financial Incentive 1	9
KES Financial Incentive 2	10
KES Financial Incentive 3	22
KES Financial Incentive 4	16
All Males	55

Number of Caregivers With One Child Who Present Children for HIV Testing Secondary · 2 months

HIV testing \[primary outcome 1\] stratified by number of children (one child)

Group	Value	95% CI
No Incentive	15
KES Financial Incentive 1	14
KES Financial Incentive 2	26
KES Financial Incentive 3	29
KES Financial Incentive 4	32
All With One Child	90

Number of Participants With More Than 1 Child Who Present Children for HIV Testing Secondary · 2 months

Number of participants presenting children for HIV testing among caregivers with more than child

Group	Value	95% CI
No Incentive	15
KES Financial Incentive 1	17
KES Financial Incentive 2	16
KES Financial Incentive 3	21
KES Financial Incentive 4	21
All With More Than One Child	116

Number of Caregivers With Age Less Than Median Presenting Children for HIV Testing Secondary · 2 months

Number of participants presenting for HIV testing stratified by caregiver age (caregiver \<=38 years)

Group	Value	95% CI
No Incentive	15
KES Financial Incentive 1	19
KES Financial Incentive 2	22
KES Financial Incentive 3	26
KES Financial Incentive 4	26
All With Caregiver Age <=38 Years	108

Number of Caregivers With Age More Than Median Presenting Children for HIV Testing Secondary · 2 months

Number of caregivers presenting children for HIV testing stratified by caregiver age (caregiver \>38 years)

Group	Value	95% CI
No Incentive	16
KES Financial Incentive 1	12
KES Financial Incentive 2	22
KES Financial Incentive 3	25
KES Financial Incentive 4	28
All With Caregiver Age >38 Years	103

Sponsor's own description

The purpose of this study is to determine whether giving small financial incentives will motivate parents to test their children for HIV.

Publications & conference data

7 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

1. Financial incentives to increase pediatric HIV testing: a randomized trial.
   Njuguna IN, Wagner AD, Neary J, Omondi VO, et al · · 2021 · cited 13× · PMID 33048877 · DOI 10.1097/qad.0000000000002720
2. Brief Report: Diagnostic Accuracy of Oral Mucosal Transudate Tests Compared with Blood-Based Rapid Tests for HIV Among Children Aged 18 Months to 18 Years in Kenya and Zimbabwe.
   Dziva Chikwari C, Njuguna IN, Neary J, Rainer C, et al · · 2019 · cited 11× · PMID 31425318 · DOI 10.1097/qai.0000000000002146
3. Brief Report: Use of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to Characterize Health Care Workers' Perspectives on Financial Incentives to Increase Pediatric HIV Testing.
   Atkins DL, Wagner AD, Zhang J, Njuguna IN, et al · · 2020 · cited 10× · PMID 32049774 · DOI 10.1097/qai.0000000000002323
4. Financial Incentives to Increase Uptake of Pediatric HIV Testing (FIT): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial in Kenya.
   Wagner AD, Njuguna IN, Neary J, Omondi VO, et al · · 2018 · cited 9× · PMID 30287676 · DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024310
5. Financial Incentives for Pediatric HIV Testing (FIT): Caregiver Insights on Incentive Mechanisms, Focus Populations, and Acceptability for Programmatic Scale Up.
   Zhang J, Atkins DL, Wagner AD, Njuguna IN, et al · · 2021 · cited 4× · PMID 34170433 · DOI 10.1007/s10461-021-03356-z
6. Male Caregiver Barriers to HIV Index Case Testing of Untested Children.
   Neary J, Wagner AD, Omondi V, Otieno V, et al · · 2021 · cited 4× · PMID 33633034 · DOI 10.1097/qai.0000000000002669
7. Caregiver fears and assumptions about child HIV status drive not testing children for HIV.
   Neary J, Mugo C, Wagner A, Ogweno V, et al · · 2022 · cited 1× · PMID 35833687 · DOI 10.1097/qad.0000000000003266