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ELMI - Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Parallel-arm Study to Assess the Effects of the Combined Therapy of Empagliflozin and Linagliptin Compared to Metformin and Insulin Glargine on Renal and Vascular Changes in Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a wide-spread disease accompanied by strongly increased morbidity and mortality due to micro- and macrovascular complications. However, in studies with patients suffering from diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2), early changes and impairments in large and small blood vessels as well as organ damage (e. g. to the kidneys) have been only insufficiently investigated (1). The newest substance class in oral antidiabetics, i. e. SGLT-2-inhibitors (such as empagliflozin) cause an increased renal excretion of glucose. In addition, the concurrent increased sodium excretion brings about an improvement of vascular function and thus a decrease in blood pressure. In the EMP-REG-OUTCOME study (2), the cardiovascular mortality rate was significantly lower in the empagliflozin group (3.7% versus 5.9%; 38% relative RR) compared to placebo.For another new substance class, the dipeptidylpeptidase-4-inhibitors, a number of pleiotropic effects have been described (3). In one of our recently conducted trials, we could demonstrate a positive effect of linagliptin on renal an inflammatory parameters compared to placebo (4). Thus, the combination of both substance classes with regard to positive effects on micro- and macrocirculation, even though not sufficiently proven as yet, suggests itself. The therapy with metformin and long-acting insulin (BOT), as well as a twofold oral medication is possible according to the recommendations of the "Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft (DDG)" and the positional paper of the "American Diabetes Association (ADA)". Accordingly, the aim of the present paper is the analysis of the effects of a combined therapy with empagliflozin plus linagliptin compared to metformin plus insulin glargine on renal and vascular changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Details
| Lead sponsor | Institut für Pharmakologie und Präventive Medizin |
|---|---|
| Phase | Phase 3 |
| Status | COMPLETED |
| Enrolment | 101 |
| Start date | 2016-04 |
| Completion | 2019-05 |
Conditions
- Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Interventions
- Empagliflozin and Linagliptin
- Metformin and Insulin sc
Primary outcomes
- Effect of empagliflozin plus linagliptin vs metformin plus insulin glargine on basal NO activity of renal vasculature (response of RPF (renal plasma flow) to L-NMMA (NG-monomethyl-L-arginine) infusion) — at baseline and after 3 months on empagliflozin plus linagliptin or metformin plus insulin glargine, respectively
Poor glycemic control is related to hyperperfusion and increased basal nitric oxide (NO) activity secondary to increased oxidative stress that leads to impaired endothelial function in early diabetes.
Countries
Germany