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NCT02070978

Long-term Safety and Tolerability of Atacicept (Long-term Follow-Up of Participant Who Participated in ADDRESS II)

Terminated Phase 2 Results posted Last updated 21 March 2019
What this trial tests

Phase 2 trial testing Atacicept 75 mg in Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic in 253 participants. Terminated before completion.

Timeline
29 July 2014
Primary endpoint
5 April 2016
9 February 2018

Quick facts

Lead sponsorEMD Serono
PhasePhase 2
StatusTerminated
Study typeINTERVENTIONAL
Allocationnon randomized
Designparallel
Maskingdouble
Primary purposetreatment
Enrollment253
Start date29 July 2014
Primary completion5 April 2016
Estimated completion9 February 2018
Sites84 locations across Italy, South Africa, Russia, Peru, Chile, United Kingdom, Germany, Poland

Drugs / interventions tested

Conditions studied

Sponsor

EMD Serono — full company profile →

Who can join

18 and older, any sex, with Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Number of Participants With at Least One Serious Adverse Event (SAE) During the Treatment Period Primary · Baseline (LTE Day 1) up to maximum treatment duration of 143.7 weeks

An Adverse event (AE) was defined as any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease associated with the use of study drug, whether or not considered related to the study drug or worsening of pre-existing medical condition, whether or not related to study drug. A serious adverse event (SAE) was an AE that resulted in any of the following outcomes: death; life threatening; persistent/significant disability/incapacity; initial or prolonged inpatient hospitalization; congenital anomaly/birth defect or was otherwise considered medically important

GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg13
Atacicept 75 mg10
Atacicept 150 mg9
Number of Participants Who Prematurely Discontinued the Treatment Due to Adverse Event (AE) Primary · Baseline (Day 1 of Core study) up to maximum duration of 167.7 weeks

An Adverse event (AE) was defined as any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease associated with the use of study drug, whether or not considered related to the study drug or worsening of pre-existing medical condition, whether or not related to study drug. TEAEs were defined as events with an onset date on or after the date of first dose of study treatment in the core study and ongoing at the 024 LTE study entry, occurring during the 024 LTE study and the Safety follow-up Period.

GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg9
Atacicept 75 mg4
Atacicept 150 mg5
Change From Baseline in Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) Damage Index Organ Damage Scores Secondary · Baseline: Day 1 (Core Study), Day 1 (LTE Study), Week 24, Week 48, Week 72 and Week 96

SLICC/ACR score or damage index evaluates cumulative damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). These changes may or may not be related to SLE. Most items are scored only if they have been present for at least 6 months. Scores range from 0 to 47 points, with higher scores indicating greater cumulative damage. Baseline was defined as Day 1 of Core study.

Baseline; Day 1 (Core Study)
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg1± 1.0
Atacicept 75 mg1± 1.2
Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.8
Change at LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.0
Atacicept 75 mg0± 0.1
Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.0
Change at LTE Week 24
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.1
Atacicept 75 mg0± 0.1
Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.2
Change at LTE Week 48
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.2
Atacicept 75 mg0± 0.2
Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.3
Change at LTE Week 72
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.3
Atacicept 75 mg0± 0.3
Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.2
Change at LTE Week 96
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.3
Atacicept 75 mg0± 0.3
Atacicept 150 mg0± 0.0
Change From Baseline in Disease Activity as Measured by British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) 2004 Score Secondary · Baseline: Core study Screening, LTE Day 1, Week 24, Week 48, Week 72 and Week 96

BILAG Disease Activity Index evaluates systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity in 8 organ system domains: General, mucocutaneous, neurological, musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, vasculitis, renal, and hematologic using a separate alphabetic score (A to E) assigned to each organ system defined as follows. BILAG A: Severe disease activity; BILAG B: moderate disease activity; BILAG C: mild disease; BILAG D: system previously affected but now inactive; BILAG E: system never involved. BILAG evaluated by scoring each of a list of signs and symptoms as: improving (1); same (2); worse (3); new (

Baseline: Core study Screening
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg15± 7.1
Atacicept 75 mg14± 7.2
Atacicept 150 mg16± 6.1
Change at LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-8± 6.9
Atacicept 75 mg-9± 7.2
Atacicept 150 mg-10± 6.8
Change at LTE Week 24
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-8± 8.3
Atacicept 75 mg-10± 7.5
Atacicept 150 mg-12± 7.2
Change at LTE Week 48
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-9± 7.7
Atacicept 75 mg-8± 7.5
Atacicept 150 mg-11± 7.4
Change at LTE Week 72
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-9± 7.9
Atacicept 75 mg-10± 6.2
Atacicept 150 mg-11± 8.2
Change at LTE Week 96
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-14± 12.9
Atacicept 75 mg-8± 6.3
Atacicept 150 mg-12± 6.8
Change From Baseline in Disease Activity as Measured by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index-2000 (SLEDAI-2K) Score Secondary · Baseline: Screening Visit (Core Study); LTE Day 1, Week 24, Week 48, Week 72 and Week 96

SLEDAI-2K is an activity index that measures disease activity and records feature of active lupus as present or not present. SLEDAI-2K uses a weighted checklist to assign a numerical score based on the presence or absence of 24 symptoms. Each symptom present is assigned between 1 and 8 points based on its usual clinical importance, yielding a total score that ranges from 0 points (no symptoms) to 105 points (presence of all defined symptoms). Baseline was defined as core study screening visit.

Baseline: Screening Visit (Core Study)
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg10± 2.9
Atacicept 75 mg10± 3.4
Atacicept 150 mg10± 3.0
Change at LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-4± 4.1
Atacicept 75 mg-5± 4.5
Atacicept 150 mg-5± 3.9
Change at LTE Week 24
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-5± 4.3
Atacicept 75 mg-6± 4.1
Atacicept 150 mg-6± 3.9
Change at LTE Week 48
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-6± 3.4
Atacicept 75 mg-6± 4.6
Atacicept 150 mg-7± 4.3
Change at LTE Week 72
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-5± 3.8
Atacicept 75 mg-6± 3.7
Atacicept 150 mg-7± 3.9
Change at LTE Week 96
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-7± 5.0
Atacicept 75 mg-6± 4.9
Atacicept 150 mg-8± 2.7
Change From Baseline in Disease Activity as Measured by Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) Score Secondary · Baseline: Screening Visit (Core Study); LTE Day1, Week 24, Week 48, Week 72 and Week 96

The PGA was used to quantify disease activity and was measured using an anchored visual analog scale (VAS). The participant's current disease activity assessed by investigator in the score range of 0 to 3. Where 0=none; 1=mild; 2=moderate; 3=severe. The assessment made relative not to the participant's most severe state, but the most severe state of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) per the investigator's assessment. Baseline was defined as core study screening visit.

Baseline: Screening Visit (Core Study)
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg1.56± 0.424
Atacicept 75 mg1.46± 0.509
Atacicept 150 mg1.47± 0.460
Change at LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-0.76± 0.559
Atacicept 75 mg-0.77± 0.559
Atacicept 150 mg-0.77± 0.614
Change at LTE Week 24
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-0.91± 0.620
Atacicept 75 mg-0.85± 0.555
Atacicept 150 mg-0.94± 0.547
Change at LTE Week 48
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-1.01± 0.647
Atacicept 75 mg-0.86± 0.522
Atacicept 150 mg-0.99± 0.557
Change at LTE Week 72
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-0.90± 0.758
Atacicept 75 mg-0.84± 0.503
Atacicept 150 mg-1.03± 0.580
Change at LTE Week 96
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-1.17± 0.518
Atacicept 75 mg-0.72± 0.579
Atacicept 150 mg-1.21± 0.411
Number of Participants Who Achieved SLE Responder Index (SRI-4) Response (a Disease Activity Composite Index) Secondary · Baseline: Core study Screening; LTE Day 1, Week 24, Week 48, Week 72 and Week 96

SRI-4 response was defined as greater than or equal to 4-point reduction in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) total score, no new British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) A and no more than 1 new BILAG B domain score and no worsening (less than 10 percent increase) from baseline Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity (PGA). SLEDAI-2K is an activity index that measures disease activity and records feature of active lupus as present or not present. SLEDAI-2K uses a weighted checklist to assign a numerical score based on the presence or absence of

LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg42
Atacicept 75 mg52
Atacicept 150 mg57
LTE Week 24
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg43
Atacicept 75 mg57
Atacicept 150 mg60
LTE Week 48
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg44
Atacicept 75 mg46
Atacicept 150 mg51
LTE Week 72
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg21
Atacicept 75 mg23
Atacicept 150 mg23
LTE Week 96
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg6
Atacicept 75 mg9
Atacicept 150 mg12
Number of Participants Who Achieved BILAG-based Combined Lupus Assessment (BICLA) Response (a Disease Activity Composite Index) Secondary · Baseline: Core study Screening; LTE Day 1, Week 24, Week 48, Week 72 and Week 96

The BICLA response was defined as BILAG-2004 improvement (all screening visit BILAG A improving to B/C/D, all screening visit BILAG B to C/D, and less than or equal to (\<=1) new BILAG B and no new BILAG A); no deterioration in SLEDAI total score; PGA increase by less than (\<) 0 percentage (%) (defined as less then (\<)0.3 point increase for the statistical analyses) and no non-permitted medication/treatment. Baseline was defined as core study screening visit.

LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg43
Atacicept 75 mg43
Atacicept 150 mg50
LTE Week 24
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg40
Atacicept 75 mg45
Atacicept 150 mg53
LTE Week 48
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg35
Atacicept 75 mg34
Atacicept 150 mg43
LTE Week 72
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg16
Atacicept 75 mg17
Atacicept 150 mg21
LTE Week 96
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg4
Atacicept 75 mg7
Atacicept 150 mg9
Percent Change From Baseline in Prednisone-equivalent Corticosteroid Dose Secondary · Baseline: Screening Visit (Core Study); LTE Day 1, Week 24, Week 48, Week 72 and Week 96
Percent Change at LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-11.04± 31.139
Atacicept 75 mg-5.25± 55.697
Atacicept 150 mg-11.54± 26.117
Percent Change at LTE Week 24
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-11.89± 41.411
Atacicept 75 mg-4.79± 59.371
Atacicept 150 mg-1.21± 94.677
Percent Change at LTE Week 48
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-9.19± 54.364
Atacicept 75 mg-6.01± 45.605
Atacicept 150 mg-17.97± 37.040
Percent Change at LTE Week 72
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-19.32± 38.157
Atacicept 75 mg-8.69± 28.112
Atacicept 150 mg-22.34± 36.058
Percent Change at LTE Week 96
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg-36.67± 58.146
Atacicept 75 mg-12.40± 73.793
Atacicept 150 mg-28.57± 43.080
Change From Baseline in the Short-Form (SF-36) Health Survey Physical Component Score and Mental Component Score Secondary · Baseline (Core Study Day 1); LTE Day 1, Week 24, Week 48, Week 72 and Week 96

The 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a standardized survey evaluating 8 aspects of functional health and well-being. These eight subscales were summarized as relating to either physical health or mental health. Physical component summary (PCS) is based primarily on physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, and general health scales and mental component summary (MCS) encompasses vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health scales. Score from mental health, role emotional, social functioning, and vitality domains were averaged to calculate MCS. Total score r

PCS: Baseline (Core Study Day 1)
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg37.7± 9.20
Atacicept 75 mg37.8± 10.56
Atacicept 150 mg38.8± 9.27
PCS: Change at LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg4.8± 10.00
Atacicept 75 mg4.8± 8.30
Atacicept 150 mg4.0± 7.46
PCS: Change at LTE Week 24
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg5.3± 8.62
Atacicept 75 mg5.1± 8.78
Atacicept 150 mg5.9± 7.74
PCS: Change at LTE Week 48
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg6.4± 9.56
Atacicept 75 mg6.2± 9.67
Atacicept 150 mg4.6± 8.23
PCS: Change at LTE Week 72
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg5.8± 8.61
Atacicept 75 mg3.4± 7.37
Atacicept 150 mg6.7± 5.33
PCS: Change at LTE Week 96
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg13.0± 9.51
Atacicept 75 mg3.1± 9.29
Atacicept 150 mg8.9± 6.08
MCS: Baseline (Core Study Day 1)
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg41.3± 10.70
Atacicept 75 mg43.3± 12.09
Atacicept 150 mg43.2± 10.81
MCS: Change at LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg2.1± 11.38
Atacicept 75 mg2.2± 12.62
Atacicept 150 mg1.9± 9.30
Change From Baseline in Lupus Quality of Life (LupusQoL) Questionnaire Score Secondary · Baseline (Core Study Day 1); LTE Day 1, Week 24, Week 48, Week 72, and Week 96

The LupusQoL was a lupus-specific health related QoL (HRQoL) questionnaire consisting of 34 items grouped in 8 domains: physical health, pain, planning, intimate relationships, burden to others, emotional health, body image, and fatigue. Participants indicate their responses on a 5-point Likert response format, where 4 = never, 3 = occasionally, 2 = a good bit of the time, 1 = most of the time, and 0 = all of the time. Summary scores can be calculated for all 8 domains. A LupusQoL score for each domain was reported on a 0 to 100 scale, with greater values indicating better HRQoL. Baseline was

Physical Health: Baseline (Core study Day 1)
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg60.2± 23.08
Atacicept 75 mg62.0± 27.17
Atacicept 150 mg61.3± 27.87
Physical Health: Change at LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg8.8± 21.86
Atacicept 75 mg7.5± 17.37
Atacicept 150 mg8.2± 16.40
Physical Health: Change at LTE Week 24
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg10.4± 21.27
Atacicept 75 mg10.8± 18.86
Atacicept 150 mg10.9± 18.46
Physical Health: Change at LTE Week 48
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg9.3± 22.23
Atacicept 75 mg11.2± 24.80
Atacicept 150 mg12.8± 20.30
Physical Health: Change at LTE Week 72
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg8.0± 19.42
Atacicept 75 mg5.9± 17.61
Atacicept 150 mg11.9± 20.02
Physical Health: Change at LTE Week 96
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg25.0± 21.46
Atacicept 75 mg12.9± 17.97
Atacicept 150 mg14.4± 10.33
Pain: Baseline (Core study Day 1)
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg58.7± 26.77
Atacicept 75 mg61.2± 30.27
Atacicept 150 mg57.7± 31.52
Pain: Change at LTE Day 1
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg11.8± 24.86
Atacicept 75 mg11.0± 23.93
Atacicept 150 mg13.4± 21.78
Number of Participants With Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) Secondary · Baseline (Core Study Day 1); LTE Day 1, Week 24, Week 48, Week 72 and Week 96

The PGIC is self-rated scale that asks the participant to describe the change in activity limitations, symptoms, emotions, and overall Quality of life (QoL) related to the participant's painful condition on the following scale: 1 (very much improved), 2 (much improved), 3 (minimally improved), 4 (no change), 5 (minimally worse), 6 (much worse) and 7 (very much worse). Number of participants in the PGIC categories of very much improved (1) and much improved (2) are reported.

LTE Day 1: Very much improved
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg13
Atacicept 75 mg19
Atacicept 150 mg25
LTE Day 1: Much improved
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg29
Atacicept 75 mg33
Atacicept 150 mg27
LTE Week 24: Very much improved
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg18
Atacicept 75 mg22
Atacicept 150 mg22
LTE Week 24: Much improved
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg35
Atacicept 75 mg29
Atacicept 150 mg40
LTE Week 48: Very much improved
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg16
Atacicept 75 mg20
Atacicept 150 mg24
LTE Week 48: Much improved
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg26
Atacicept 75 mg24
Atacicept 150 mg30
LTE Week 72: Very much improved
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg7
Atacicept 75 mg10
Atacicept 150 mg10
LTE Week 72: Much improved
GroupValue95% CI
Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg13
Atacicept 75 mg13
Atacicept 150 mg13

Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Time frame: Baseline up to maximum duration of 167.7 weeks. Reporting threshold: 5%. Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.

Placebo/Atacicept 150 mg
Serious: 19/83 (23%)
Deaths: 0/83
Atacicept 75 mg
Serious: 13/82 (16%)
Deaths: 0/82
Atacicept 150 mg
Serious: 11/88 (13%)
Deaths: 2/88

Serious adverse events (60 terms)

ReactionSystemPlacebo/Atacicept 150 mgAtacicept 75 mgAtacicept 150 mg
Herpes zosterInfections and infestations
PneumoniaInfections and infestations
Systemic lupus erythematosusMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Pleural effusionRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
LymphadenopathyBlood and lymphatic system disorders
Meniere's diseaseEar and labyrinth disorders
GastritisGastrointestinal disorders
CholecystitisHepatobiliary disorders
OsteomyelitisInfections and infestations
PharyngotonsillitisInfections and infestations
Pyelonephritis acuteInfections and infestations
Soft tissue infectionInfections and infestations
Subcutaneous abscessInfections and infestations
Animal biteInjury, poisoning and procedural complications
OverdoseInjury, poisoning and procedural complications
Radius fractureInjury, poisoning and procedural complications
Tendon ruptureInjury, poisoning and procedural complications
HypocalcaemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
HypoglycaemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcomaNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Thyroid cancerNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Cerebrovascular accidentNervous system disorders
SeizureNervous system disorders
PregnancyPregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions
DisorientationPsychiatric disorders
Other adverse events (13 terms — click to expand)

ReactionSystemPlacebo/Atacicept 150 mgAtacicept 75 mgAtacicept 150 mg
Injection site reactionGeneral disorders
Urinary tract infectionInfections and infestations
Upper respiratory tract infectionInfections and infestations
Injection site painGeneral disorders
HeadacheNervous system disorders
BronchitisInfections and infestations
NasopharyngitisInfections and infestations
SinusitisInfections and infestations
Back painMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
PharyngitisInfections and infestations
HypertensionVascular disorders
Injection site erythemaGeneral disorders
GastritisGastrointestinal disorders

Most-reported serious reactions: Herpes zoster, Pneumonia, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Pleural effusion, Lymphadenopathy, Meniere's disease, Gastritis, Cholecystitis.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02070978 adverse events section.

Sponsor's own description

This is a multicenter, double-blind, Phase 2b, long-term extension (LTE) to the ADDRESS II core trial (EMR 700461-023) (NCT01972568), to evaluate long-term safety and tolerability of atacicept in participants with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Participants who completed the 24-week core study ADDRESS II core study (NCT01972568) and thus not met any of the discontinuation criteria were invited to enter this long-term extension (LTE) study NCT02070978.

Publications & conference data

8 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

  1. Systemic lupus erythematosus: updated insights on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and therapeutics.
    Dai X, Fan Y, Zhao X. · · 2025 · cited 78× · PMID 40097390 · DOI 10.1038/s41392-025-02168-0
  2. A critical review of clinical trials in systemic lupus erythematosus.
    Mahieu MA, Strand V, Simon LS, Lipsky PE, et al · · 2016 · cited 57× · PMID 27497257 · DOI 10.1177/0961203316652492
  3. Systemic lupus erythematosus biomarkers: the challenging quest.
    Arriens C, Wren JD, Munroe ME, Mohan C. · · 2017 · cited 52× · PMID 28013203 · DOI 10.1093/rheumatology/kew407
  4. BAFF- and APRIL-targeted therapy in systemic autoimmune diseases.
    Nakayamada S, Tanaka Y. · · 2016 · cited 49× · PMID 29259679 · DOI 10.1186/s41232-016-0015-4
  5. Skin-Associated B Cells in the Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Autoimmune Diseases-Implications for Therapeutic Approaches.
    Fetter T, Niebel D, Braegelmann C, Wenzel J. · · 2020 · cited 43× · PMID 33297481 · DOI 10.3390/cells9122627
  6. Research and therapeutics-traditional and emerging therapies in systemic lupus erythematosus.
    Davis LS, Reimold AM. · · 2017 · cited 37× · PMID 28375452 · DOI 10.1093/rheumatology/kew417
  7. Current and emerging treatment options for ANCA-associated vasculitis: potential role of belimumab and other BAFF/APRIL targeting agents.
    Lenert A, Lenert P. · · 2015 · cited 28× · PMID 25609919 · DOI 10.2147/dddt.s67264
  8. B-cell survival factors in autoimmune rheumatic disorders.
    Morais SA, Vilas-Boas A, Isenberg DA. · · 2015 · cited 25× · PMID 26288664 · DOI 10.1177/1759720x15586782

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