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NCT01599325

Study of Azacitidine to Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness for Chinese Patients With Higher Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Completed Phase 2 Results posted Last updated 19 March 2019
What this trial tests

Phase 2 trial testing Azacitidine in Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) in 72 participants. Completed in 13 March 2018.

Timeline
24 July 2012
Primary endpoint
29 January 2015
13 March 2018

Quick facts

Lead sponsorCelgene
PhasePhase 2
StatusCompleted
Study typeINTERVENTIONAL
Allocationna
Designsingle group
Maskingnone
Primary purposetreatment
Enrollment72
Start date24 July 2012
Primary completion29 January 2015
Estimated completion13 March 2018
Sites11 locations across China

Drugs / interventions tested

Conditions studied

Sponsor

Celgene — full company profile →

Who can join

18 and older, any sex, with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Percentage of Participants With a Hematologic Response Based on the International Working Group (IWG) Criteria for Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) and Programmatically Assessed by the Sponsor Using Clinically Relevant Data. Primary · Response initially assessed at end of cycle 6, then every 4 cycles; Up to 29 January 2015; 894 days

Hematologic Response is defined by those participants who experienced a Complete Response, Partial Response and Stable Disease (SD) based on IWG 2000 response criteria for MDS. CR = repeat bone marrow (BM) shows \<5% myeloblasts, and peripheral blood values lasting ≥ 2 months of hemoglobin (hgb) (\>110 g/L), neutrophils (≥1.5x10\^9/L), platelets (≥100x10\^9/L), blasts (0%) and no dysplasia • PR = same as CR for peripheral blood: BM shows blasts decrease by ≥ 50% or a less advanced FAB classification from pretreatment • Stable disease (SD): failure to achieve a PR, no evidence of progression fo

Overall CR+PR
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.40.0 – 7.5
Overall CR+PR+SD
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine95.888.3 – 99.1
Complete Remission (CR)
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.40.0 – 7.5
Partial Remission (PR)
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine00.0 – 5.0
Percentage of Participants With a Hematologic Response Using IWG Criteria for MDS and Assessed by the Investigator Primary · Response initially assessed at end of cycle 6, then every 4 cycles; Up to 29 January 2015; 894 days

Hematologic Response is defined by those participants who experienced a Complete Response, Partial Response and Stable Disease (SD) based on IWG 2000 response criteria for MDS. CR = repeat bone marrow (BM) shows \<5% myeloblasts, and peripheral blood values lasting ≥ 2 months of hemoglobin (hgb) (\>110 g/L), neutrophils (≥1.5x10\^9/L), platelets (≥100x10\^9/L), blasts (0%) and no dysplasia • PR = same as CR for peripheral blood: BM shows blasts decrease by ≥ 50% or a less advanced FAB classification from pretreatment • Stable disease (SD): failure to achieve a PR, no evidence of progression fo

Overall CR+PR
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine12.55.9 – 22.4
Overall CR+PR+SD
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine70.858.9 – 81.0
CR
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine6.92.3 – 15.5
PR
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine5.61.5 – 13.6
Percentage of Participants Achieving a Hematologic Improvement (HI) Based on 2000 IWG Response Criteria for MDS and Programmatically Assessed by the Sponsor Using Clinically Relevant Data. Primary · Up to 29 January 2015; 894 days

Hematologic improvements (HI) have 4 categories: 1. Erythroid response (HI-E): Major \>20g/L increase or transfusion independent. Minor: 10-20g/L increase or ≥50% decrease in transfusion requirements. 2. Platelet response (HI-P): Major absolute increase of ≥30x10\^9/L or platelet transfusion independence. Minor: ≥50% increase. 3. Neutrophil response (HI-N): Major 100% increase or an absolute increase of \>0.5x10\^9/L. Minor: ≥100% increase and absolute increase of \<0.5x10\^9/L 4. Progression or relapse after HI Hematological improvement (HI) was defined as any type (major or minor) of improve

Any improvement
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine52.840.7 – 64.7
Hematologic Improvement-E (major)
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine35.824.5 – 48.5
Hematologic Improvement-E (minor)
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine9.03.4 – 18.5
Hematologic Improvement-P (major)
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine37.925.5 – 51.6
Hematologic Improvement-P (minor)
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.00.0 – 6.2
Hematologic Improvement-N (major)
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine21.811.8 – 35.0
Hematologic Improvement-N (minor)
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.00.0 – 6.5
The Number of Units of Platelet Transfusions by Cycle Secondary · Up to cycle 27; The on-treatment period was considered the period from the date of first dose to the last treatment study visit; Up to 29 January 2015; 894 days

The number of units of platelet transfusions received 56 days prior to treatment, considered the baseline period, (baseline period defined as the screening period before the date of the first dose of azacitidine; any laboratory and blood transfusion data reported on the day of the first dose of azacitidine was considered to be baseline data) and during study was standardized per 28 days and summarized by cycle for platelets. The formula for standardizing per 28 days was: \[(# of transfusions in the measurement period / length of the measurement period (days)) x 28\], where the measurement peri

Baseline N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.9± 4.91
Overall Post-Baseline Average N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine4.7± 17.79
Overall Change from Baseline N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine2.8± 17.89
Cycle 1 N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine5.2± 18.83
Cycle 2
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine2.4± 5.86
Cycle 3
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine3.3± 11.44
Cycle 4
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine2.7± 6.13
Cycle 5
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine2.5± 7.69
The Number of Platelet Transfusions by Cycle Secondary · Up to cycle 27; The on-treatment period was considered the period from the date of first dose to the last treatment study visit; Up to 29 January 2015; 894 days

The number of platelet transfusions received 56 days prior to treatment, considered the baseline period (baseline period defined as the screening period before the date of the first dose of azacitidine; any laboratory and blood transfusion data reported on the day of the first dose of azacitidine was considered to be baseline data) and during study was standardized per 28 days and summarized by cycle for platelets. The formula for standardizing per 28 days was: \[(# of transfusions in the measurement period / length of the measurement period (days)) x 28\], where the measurement period was eit

Baseline N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.8± 2.36
Overall Post-Baseline Average N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.6± 2.83
Overall Change from Baseline N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.8± 3.29
Cycle 1 N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.8± 2.89
Cycle 2
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.3± 2.59
Cycle 3
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.2± 2.28
Cycle 4
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.3± 2.18
Cycle 5
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.9± 1.58
The Number of Units of Red Blood Cell (RBC) Transfusions by Cycle Secondary · Up to cycle 27; The on-treatment period was considered the period from the date of first dose to the last treatment study visit; Up to 29 January 2015; 894 days

The number of units of RBC received 56 days prior to treatment, considered the baseline period (baseline period defined as the screening period before the date of the first dose of azacitidine; any laboratory and blood transfusion data reported on the day of the first dose of azacitidine was considered to be baseline data) and during study was standardized per 28 days and summarized by cycle for RBC. The formula for standardizing per 28 days was: \[(# of transfusions in the measurement period / length of the measurement period (days)) x 28\], where the measurement period was either baseline or

Baseline N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine2.3± 3.55
Overall Post-Baseline Average N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine3.5± 3.88
Overall Change from Baseline N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.2± 4.34
Cycle 1 N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine3.6± 3.41
Cycle 2
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine3.6± 4.88
Cycle 3
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine3.0± 3.68
Cycle 4
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine2.7± 3.73
Cycle 5
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine2.5± 3.94
The Number of RBC Transfusions by Cycle Secondary · Up to cycle 27; The on-treatment period was considered the period from the date of first dose to the last treatment study visit; Up to 29 January 2015; 894 days

The number of RBC transfusions received 56 days prior to treatment, considered the baseline period (baseline period defined as the screening period before the date of the first dose of azacitidine; any laboratory and blood transfusion data reported on the day of the first dose of azacitidine was considered to be baseline data) and during study was standardized per 28 days and summarized by cycle for platelets. The formula for standardizing per 28 days was: \[(# of transfusions in the measurement period / length of the measurement period (days)) x 28\], where the measurement period was either b

Baseline N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.1± 1.79
Overall Post-Baseline Average N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.6± 1.97
Overall Change from Baseline N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.5± 2.12
Cycle 1 N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.7± 1.64
Cycle 2
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.7± 2.56
Cycle 3
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.4± 1.81
Cycle 4
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.2± 1.73
Cycle 5
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1.1± 1.81
The Number of Infections (Post-baseline Average) Requiring Intravenous (IV) Antibiotics, Anti-fungals, or Antivirals by Cycle Secondary · Up to cycle 27; The on-treatment period was considered the period from the date of first dose to the last treatment study visit; Up to 29 January 2015; 894 days

The on-treatment adverse event of infection requiring IV antibiotics, antifungals, or antivirals per 28 days/cycle. The overall post-baseline average is the average of number of infections requiring IV antibiotics or IV antiviral per 28 days/cycle.

Baseline N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.0± 0.20
Overall Post Baseline Average N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.6± 1.43
Overall Change from Baseline N =72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.5± 1.45
Cycle 1 N = 72
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.6± 1.32
Cycle 2
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.5± 1.67
Cycle 3
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.4± 0.86
Cycle 4
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.5± 1.03
Cycle 5
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine0.4± 0.72
Kaplan Meier Estimates for Overall Survival (OS) Secondary · Until the end of the survival follow-up period; Up to data cut-off of 29 January 2015; 894 days

Overall survival is defined as time to death from any cause, is calculated using date of first dose and date of death, or date of last follow-up for censored participants. Those, who die regardless of the cause of death, will be considered to have an event.

Median OS
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine22.015.1 – NA
25th percentile OS
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine8.56.1 – 13.8
75th Percentile OS
GroupValue95% CI
AzacitidineNA24.2 – NA
Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE) During the Parent Phase Secondary · Up to 29 January 2015; from the first dose of study drug to 28 days after the date of the last dose of study drug (maximum time on study was 244 days)

A treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE) was defined as AEs with an onset date on or after the date of first dose and within 28 days after the date of the last dose. Any AE that occurred beyond this timeframe and was assessed by the investigator as possibly related to study drug was considered treatment-emergent. The intensity and severity of AEs was assessed by the investigator according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event (CTCAE) Version 4.0. For any AEs not listed in the CTCAE grading system, the intensities of these events was assessed by the Investigator using the 5-poi

≥ 1 TEAE
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine72
≥ 1 Grade 3 or 4 TEAE
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine70
≥ 1 TEAE related to study drug
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine68
≥ 1 Grade 3 or 4 TEAE related to study drug
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine59
≥ 1 serious TEAE
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine38
≥ 1 Grade 3 or 4 serious TEAE
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine33
≥ 1 serious TEAE related to study drug
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine28
≥ 1 TEAE leading to discontinuation of study drug
GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine14
Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to Infinity (AUC∞) of Azacitidine Secondary · PK blood samples collected at 0.25, 0.5, 1,2,3,4, 6 and 8 hours after azacitidine administration on Day 7

Area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC∞) following multiple doses of Azacitidine on Day 7; if possible, the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity, calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule and extrapolated to infinity was calculated according to the following equation: AUC∞ = AUCt + (Ct/ λz ), where Ct is the last quantifiable concentration. No AUC extrapolation will be performed with unreliable λz. If % AUC extrapolated is ≥ 25%, AUC∞ will not be reported

GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1172.6± 18.0
Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Measurable Concentration (AUCt) of Azacitidine Secondary · PK blood samples collected at 0.25, 0.5, 1,2,3,4, 6 and 8 hours after azacitidine administration on Day 7

Area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the last quantifiable time point, calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule when concentrations are increasing and the logarithmic trapezoidal method when concentrations are decreasing.

GroupValue95% CI
Azacitidine1161.9± 17.7

Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Time frame: Azacitidine Exposure across all cycles: median duration of azacitidine treatment was 786 days (range 428 to 1507).. Reporting threshold: 5%. Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.

Azacitidine - Parent Phase
Serious: 38/72 (53%)
Deaths: 13/72
Azacitdine - Extension Phase
Serious: 5/15 (33%)
Deaths: 0/15

Serious adverse events (52 terms)

ReactionSystemAzacitidine - Parent PhaseAzacitdine - Extension Phase
PneumoniaInfections and infestations
Febrile neutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders
AgranulocytosisBlood and lymphatic system disorders
ThrombocytopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders
Upper respiratory tract infectionInfections and infestations
Mouth haemorrhageGastrointestinal disorders
PyrexiaGeneral disorders
AnaemiaBlood and lymphatic system disorders
Bone marrow failureBlood and lymphatic system disorders
Cardiac failureCardiac disorders
CellulitisInfections and infestations
Lung infectionInfections and infestations
Abdominal infectionInfections and infestations
Abdominal pain upperGastrointestinal disorders
Abscess limbInfections and infestations
Anal abscessInfections and infestations
Anal infectionInfections and infestations
ArthritisMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Atrioventricular blockCardiac disorders
BronchopneumoniaInfections and infestations
Cerebral haemorrhageNervous system disorders
Cerebral ischaemiaNervous system disorders
Drug hypersensitivityImmune system disorders
Fungal sepsisInfections and infestations
Gastrointestinal haemorrhageGastrointestinal disorders
Other adverse events (79 terms — click to expand)

ReactionSystemAzacitidine - Parent PhaseAzacitdine - Extension Phase
ThrombocytopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders
LeukopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders
NeutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders
AnaemiaBlood and lymphatic system disorders
Upper respiratory tract infectionInfections and infestations
ConstipationGastrointestinal disorders
PyrexiaGeneral disorders
NauseaGastrointestinal disorders
PneumoniaInfections and infestations
GingivitisInfections and infestations
DiarrhoeaGastrointestinal disorders
VomitingGastrointestinal disorders
InsomniaPsychiatric disorders
Weight decreasedInvestigations
Alanine aminotransferase increasedInvestigations
HypokalaemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
Oedema peripheralGeneral disorders
Oropharyngeal painRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Abdominal discomfortGastrointestinal disorders
Gingival bleedingGastrointestinal disorders
HyperglycaemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
Lung infectionInfections and infestations
CoughRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
HypoalbuminaemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders
Aspartate aminotransferase increasedInvestigations
AstheniaGeneral disorders
Decreased appetiteMetabolism and nutrition disorders
EcchymosisSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
EpistaxisRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Mouth ulcerationGastrointestinal disorders
Transfusion reactionInjury, poisoning and procedural complications
Abdominal painGastrointestinal disorders
DizzinessNervous system disorders
Gingival infectionInfections and infestations
PruritusSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
PurpuraSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Abdominal distensionGastrointestinal disorders
CellulitisInfections and infestations
Conjunctival haemorrhageEye disorders
FatigueGeneral disorders

Most-reported serious reactions: Pneumonia, Febrile neutropenia, Agranulocytosis, Thrombocytopenia, Upper respiratory tract infection, Mouth haemorrhage, Pyrexia, Anaemia.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01599325 adverse events section.

Sponsor's own description

The purpose of the study is to determine whether azacitidine is safe and effective in the treatment of Chinese patients with higher risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS).

Publications & conference data

4 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

  1. Epigenetic regulation in hematopoiesis and its implications in the targeted therapy of hematologic malignancies.
    Zhao A, Zhou H, Yang J, Li M, et al · · 2023 · cited 81× · PMID 36797244 · DOI 10.1038/s41392-023-01342-6
  2. Epimutational profile of hematologic malignancies as attractive target for new epigenetic therapies.
    Fratta E, Montico B, Rizzo A, Colizzi F, et al · · 2016 · cited 17× · PMID 27329599 · DOI 10.18632/oncotarget.10033
  3. Dynamics of PD-1 expression are associated with treatment efficacy and prognosis in patients with intermediate/high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes under hypomethylating treatment.
    Geng S, Xu R, Huang X, Li M, et al · · 2022 · cited 7× · PMID 36003379 · DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.950134
  4. Historical expectations with DNA methyltransferase inhibitor monotherapy in MDS: when is combination therapy truly "promising"?
    Brunner AM, Fell G, Steensma DP. · · 2022 · cited 3× · PMID 35143613 · DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006357

Verify or expand the search:

Other trials of Azacitidine

Trials testing the same drug.

Other recruiting trials for Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)

Currently open trials in the same condition.

Other Celgene trials

Trials by the same sponsor.

Verify against primary sources

Data sources for this page

Drug Landscape aggregates and links these public records for informational use only. Always verify against the primary source before clinical or regulatory decisions. Canonical URL: https://druglandscape.com/trial/NCT01599325.

Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing