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Dietary Essential Fatty Acid Regulation of Omega-3 HUFA Metabolism; Satiety and Body Composition
NA trial testing Linoleic Acid in Weight Gain in 85 participants. Completed in 25 July 2018.
| Lead sponsor | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) |
|---|---|
| Phase | NA |
| Status | Completed |
| Study type | INTERVENTIONAL |
| Allocation | randomized |
| Design | parallel |
| Primary purpose | treatment |
| Enrollment | 85 |
| Start date | 12 November 2010 |
| Primary completion | 25 July 2018 |
| Estimated completion | 25 July 2018 |
| Sites | 1 location across United States |
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Adults 18 to 50, female only, with Weight Gain or Healthy Subjects. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.
Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.
Tissue accretion of omega-6 (n-6) highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in fasting plasma as percent of total HUFA.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 80.0 | ± 1.2 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 81.3 | ± 0.9 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 80.5 | ± 1.1 |
Tissue accretion of omega-6 (n-6) highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in fasting plasma as percent of total HUFA.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 80 | ± 1.1 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 80.7 | ± 0.9 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 70.6 | ± 1.1 |
Tissue accretion of omega-6 (n-6) highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in fasting plasma as percent of total HUFA.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 79.7 | ± 1.2 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 80.6 | ± 0.9 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 70.8 | ± 1.1 |
Tissue accretion of omega-6 (n-6) highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in fasting plasma as percent of total HUFA.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 80.6 | ± 1.1 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 81 | ± 0.9 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 72.9 | ± 1.1 |
Tissue accretion of Arachidonic Acid (AA or 20:4n6), an omega-6 (n-6) highly unsaturated fatty acid, as measured in fasting plasma as a percent of total fatty acids.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 6.42 | ± 0.3 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 6.51 | ± 0.22 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 7.12 | ± 0.29 |
Tissue accretion of Arachidonic Acid (AA or 20:4n6), an omega-6 (n-6) highly unsaturated fatty acid, as measured in fasting plasma as a percent of total fatty acids.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 6.25 | ± 0.29 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 7.02 | ± 0.22 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 6.37 | ± 0.28 |
Tissue accretion of Arachidonic Acid (AA or 20:4n6), an omega-6 (n-6) highly unsaturated fatty acid, as measured in fasting plasma as a percent of total fatty acids.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 6.59 | ± 0.30 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 7.27 | ± 0.23 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 6.40 | ± 0.28 |
Tissue accretion of Arachidonic Acid (AA or 20:4n6), an omega-6 (n-6) highly unsaturated fatty acid, as measured in fasting plasma as a percent of total fatty acids.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 6.45 | ± 0.29 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 7.02 | ± 0.22 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 6.21 | ± 0.28 |
Tissue accretion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA or 20:5n3), an omega-3 (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA), as measured in fasting plasma as a percent of total fatty acids.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.434 | ± 0.065 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.455 | ± 0.046 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.504 | ± 0.062 |
Tissue accretion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA or 20:5n3), an omega-3 (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA), as measured in fasting plasma as a percent of total fatty acids.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.356 | ± 0.061 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.479 | ± 0.047 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.927 | ± 0.061 |
Tissue accretion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA or 20:5n3), an omega-3 (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA), as measured in fasting plasma as a percent of total fatty acids.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.324 | ± 0.064 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.452 | ± 0.051 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.806 | ± 0.061 |
Tissue accretion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA or 20:5n3), an omega-3 (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA), as measured in fasting plasma as a percent of total fatty acids.
| Group | Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Diet A: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + High Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.338 | ± 0.061 |
| Diet B: Low Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.388 | ± 0.048 |
| Diet C: High Omega-3 (n-3) + Low Linoleic Acid (LA) | 0.707 | ± 0.062 |
Background: \- Rates of obesity have increased dramatically in recent decades, and researchers are investigating how changes in diets and physical activity have contributed to this increase. To understand how weight might be controlled, it is important to learn what kinds of dietary changes can affect hunger and might lower body weight. Essential fatty acids, for instance, are an important part of a healthy diet, but researchers have not yet determined the ideal amount of essential fatty acids that people should eat. By studying how different diets affect body chemistry and hormone levels in women who are overweight or obese, researchers hope to be able to determine better diets or treatments to help people reach and maintain an optimum healthy weight. Objectives: \- To examine how certain fats in the diet affect body metabolism, hormones, and weight regulation. Eligibility: \- Healthy women between 18 and 50 years of age who are overweight or obese (body mass index between 25 and 35). Design: * This study has an initial screening visit and three phases. All participants will be involved in the first two phases of the study, and some participants will be involved in the third phase. * Participants will be screened with a physical examination and medical history, in addition to blood and urine tests and questionnaires about eating habits and other diet factors. * Phase 1: Participants will have three visits to the National Institutes of Health over a 4-week period. At the visits, participants will have blood and urine tests, complete questionnaires, and have other tests including brain and body imaging studies. Participants will then be assigned to one of three study diets. * Phase 2: Participants will have a 12-week diet phase, with all foods supplied by the study researchers. Participants will keep a daily log of food and beverage intake, and will have three testing sessions with procedures similar to those performed in Phase 1. * Phase 3: Participants assigned to a particular study diet (one-third of all participants) will be given the option of continuing the diet for an additional 36 weeks (9 months), with food consumption, monitoring, and testing procedures similar to those performed in Phase 2....
4 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):
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