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NCT00612456

To Evaluate the Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Pazopanib Drops in Adult Subjects With Neovascular AMD

Completed Phase 2 Results posted Last updated 20 November 2017
What this trial tests

Phase 2 trial testing Pazopanib in Macular Degeneration in 70 participants. Completed in 17 June 2009.

Timeline
5 March 2008
Primary endpoint
1 January 2009
17 June 2009

Quick facts

Lead sponsorGlaxoSmithKline
PhasePhase 2
StatusCompleted
Study typeINTERVENTIONAL
Allocationrandomized
Designparallel
Maskingdouble
Primary purposetreatment
Enrollment70
Start date5 March 2008
Primary completion1 January 2009
Estimated completion17 June 2009
Sites27 locations across Belgium, Italy, United States, Australia

Drugs / interventions tested

Conditions studied

Sponsor

GlaxoSmithKline — full company profile →

Who can join

50 and older, any sex, with Macular Degeneration. Patients with the condition only — healthy volunteers not accepted.

Results — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Per-arm endpoint measurements with 95% confidence intervals where reported. Source: trial results section.

Mean Change From Baseline in Central Retinal/Lesion Thickness (CRLT) as Measured by the Carl Zeiss Meditec Stratus Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Scanner at Day 29 Primary · Baseline (Day -3 to -1) and Day 29

CRLT was measured by the Carl Zeiss Meditec Stratus OCT scanner based on the manual measurement of the distance between the inner and outer retina, inclusive of subretinal fluid and any choroidal neovascularization (CNV) as measured in the central 1 millimeter (mm) area of the 7 mm Posterior Pole Scan. OCT scans/images were collected by trained and certified photographer and analyzed by investigator. Two datasets were used for analysis namely Last observation carried forward (LOCF) which included missing assessment for a participant who completed at least 7 days of pazopanib eye drop replaced

CRLT as measued by OCT, LOCF data
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID7.5± 110.34
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID10.0± 83.78
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily31.2± 85.72
CRLT as measued by OCT, OC data
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID7.5± 110.34
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID3.0± 85.16
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily9.1± 69.12
Number of Participants With Complete Ophthalmic Examination Values of Potential Clinical Concern Secondary · Upto follow-up (Day 43)

A complete eye examination was performed to include the following: Examination of eyelids and lashes (including meibomian glands), Pupil, motility and confrontation visual field examination, Slit lamp evaluation of anterior ocular structures (including conjunctiva, tear film, cornea with fluorescein staining, anterior chamber, iris, lens, and anterior vitreous), intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement and Dilated Fundus Examination (Indirect ophthalmoscopy and slit lamp biomicroscopy). Data has been presented in a consolidated format for the total number of participants with values of potential

GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Number of Participants With Vital Sign Data for Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure and Heart Rate of Potential Clinical Concern Secondary · Up to follow up (Day 46)

Vital sign assessments included systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. The potential clinical concern range for systolic blood pressure was \<85 and \> 160 millimeters of mercury, diastolic blood pressure \<45 and \> 100 millimeters of mercury, heart rate \<40 and \>110 beats per minute. Only those parameters for which at least one value of potential clinical importance was reported are summarized. The number of participants with potential clinical important findings at any visit were reported.

Systolic blood pressure
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID4
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Diastolic blood pressure
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Heart rate
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Number of Participants With Abnormal 12-lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) Findings Secondary · Day 15 and follow-up (Day 43)

Single 12-lead ECGs were to be obtained at each Day 15 and follow-up Day 43 using an ECG machine that automatically calculated the heart rate and measures PR, QRS, QT, and QTc intervals. ECG findings were defined as abnormal-not clinically significant (A-NCS) and abnormal-clinically significant (A-CS). Data has been presented for the number of participants with A-NCS and A-CS findings.

Day 15, A-NCS
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID11
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID11
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily6
Day 15, A-CS
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Follow-up (Day 43), A-NCS
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID7
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID10
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily8
Follow-up (Day 43), A-CS
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Number of Participants With Clinical Chemistry and Hematology Data of Potential Clinical Concern Secondary · Up to follow-up Day 43

Clinical chemistry parameters assessed included blood urea nitrogen, potassium, calcium, albumin, creatinine, chloride, sodium, total protein, glucose, total carbon dioxide, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and hematology parameters assessed included platelet count, white blood cell count, red blood cell count, reticulocyte count, hemoglobin, mean corpuscle volume, mean corpuscle hemoglobin, mean corpuscle hemoglobin concentration, total neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils. Data has been pres

Glucose high
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID4
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Glucose low
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Calcium low
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Potassium high
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Total bilirubin high
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Alkaline phosphatase high
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Lymphocytes low
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Total neutrophils low
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Number of Participants With Abnormal Urinalysis Data by Dipstick Analysis Secondary · Day 29 and follow-up (Day 43)

Urinalysis included analysis for urine occult blood, urine glucose, urine ketones and urine proteins via dipstick analysis. Data has been presented for number of participants with abnormal urinalysis results. Only categories with values have been presented.

Urine Occult Blood at Day 29 1 hour, 1+
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily2
Urine Occult Blood at Day 29 1 hour, 2+
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Urine Occult Blood at Follow-up, 1+
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Urine Glucose at Day 29 1 hour, 1+ OR 1/4
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Urine Glucose at Follow-up, 3+ OR 1 gram/deciliter
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Urine Protein at Day 29 1 hour, 1+
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Urine Protein at Day 29 1 hour, 2+
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Urine Protein at Follow-up, 1+
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Number of Participants With Ocular Adverse Events, Non-ocular Adverse Events, Serious Ocular Adverse Events and Serious Non-ocular Adverse Events Secondary · Up to follow-up (Day 43)

An AE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant or clinical investigation participant, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease (new or exacerbated) temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product. An SAE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, results in death, is life threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospit

Non-Ocular Adverse Events
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID10
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID5
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily2
Ocular Adverse Events, Fellow eye
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Ocular Adverse Events, Study eye
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID9
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily3
Non-Ocular Serious Adverse Events
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0
Change From Baseline in Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) [Number of Letter Read on Standardized Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) Charts at Day 29 Secondary · Baseline (Day -3 to -1) and Day 29

BCVA was measured in the study eye using the ETDRS grading charts consists of at least 24 to 78 letters placed at a test distance of 4 meters. There were 7 cut off points in visual acuity on ETDRS grading chart: 15 to 29, 10 to 14, 5 to 9, -4 to 4, -5 to -9, -10 to -14 and -15 to -29 letters. Grade 15 to 29 indicates no impairment in vision and grade -15 to -29 indicates worst impairment in vision. Analyses were done for two sub-efficacy-populations. One sub-efficacy population included all participants in the efficacy population with a YES for retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP)/retinal c

BCVA at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID4.3± 5.95
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0.8± 8.38
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0.0± 2.05
YES for RAP/RCA NONE field from DARC FA at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID4.8± 5.67
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1.7± 7.43
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily-0.1± 2.13
YES for eligible field from DARC FA form at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID3.5± 5.26
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0.8± 7.39
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0.3± 1.38
Number of Participants With Change in Retinal Morphology (Cystoid Spaces, Subretinal Fluid and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachment) as Determined by OCT Secondary · Day 29

OCT was used for the determination of retinal morphology changes in the study eye which included assessments of cystoids spaces (cyst like spaces in the inner layers of the retina), subretinal fluid (an exudate between the retina and choroid from various sources including the vitreous cavity, subarachnoid space, or abnormal vessels) and pigment epithelial detachment (retinal pigment epithelium separates from the underlying Bruch's membrane due to the presence of blood, serous exudate, drusen, or a neovascular membrane). Data has been presented for number of participants with retinal morphology

Cystoid spaces at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID9
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID10
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily5
Pigment epithelial detachment at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Subretinal fluid at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID4
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily2
Number of Participants With Change in Characteristics (Fibrosis, Atrophy, Blood) as Measured by Fundus Photography (FP) Secondary · Day 29

Fundus photography involves capturing of images of the center of the very back inner wall of the eye - the retina, optic nerve, macula and main retinal blood vessels. The parameters assessment were heme subretinal hemorrhage (absence or presence at the location), heme intraretinal hemorrhage (absence or presence at the location), subretinal fluid (absence or presence at location), fibrosis (absence or presence at location), atrophy (absence or presence of atrophic changes) and pigment ((absence or presence at location). A protocol set of fundus photographs were obtained at Day 29. Images were

Heme subretinal hemorrhage at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID14
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID14
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily7
Heme intraretinal hemorrhage at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID7
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Subretinal fluid at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID26
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID22
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily11
Fibrosis at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID2
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily1
Atrophy at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID6
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID6
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily5
Pigment at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID23
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID20
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily11
Change From Baseline in Neovascular Size, Total Lesion Size, Fluorescein Angiography (FA) Leakage Area of Measurement, FA Blood Area of Measurement as Measured by FA at Day 29 Secondary · Baseline (Day -3 to -1) and Day 29

FA uses FP to capture images of injected dye circulating throughout the retinal blood vessels to assess leaking, swelling or circulation problems caused by various eye diseases like diabetic retinopathy and wet macular degeneration. The parameters assessed were CNV size, Classic CNV size, FA blood area of measurement, FA leakage area of measurement and total lesion size. A protocol fluorescein angiogram was to be obtained at Day 29. Images were evaluated by investigator for eligibility determination, and by a central reading center for determination of PD effect. Data has been presented for ch

CNV size at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0.6± 1.67
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0.44± 2.04
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0.7± 1.96
Classic CNV size at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0.2± 0.90
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1.5± 1.62
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0.7± 0.81
FA blood area of measurement at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID-0.2± 0.75
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1.0± 1.87
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0.4± 0.82
FA leakage area of measurement at Day 29
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0.8± 1.77
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID0.8± 2.06
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0.6± 1.88
Total lesion size
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID0.5± 1.57
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID1.2± 2.37
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily0.7± 1.86
Plasma Pharmacokinetic Parameter Maximum Observed Concentration (Cmax) Secondary · Day 15 and Day 22

Blood samples for analysis of plasma pazopanib concentrations were collected over 6 hours after an ocular dose of pazopanib on Day 15 or Day 22. PK analyses of plasma pazopanib concentration-time data were conducted using non-compartmental Model 200 (for extravascular administration) of WinNonlin Professional Edition version 5.2. Data has been presented for pharmacokinetic parameter Cmax at Day 15 and Day 22.

Day 15
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID56.104± 85.38
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID21.142± 75.53
Day 22
GroupValue95% CI
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID17.680± NA

Adverse events — posted to ClinicalTrials.gov

Time frame: Up to follow-up (Day 43). Reporting threshold: 5%. Adverse-event reports describe events observed during the trial — not all are caused by the drug.

Pazopanib 5 mg/mL TID
Serious: 0/27 (0%)
Deaths: 0/27
Pazopanib 2 mg/mL TID
Serious: 1/27 (4%)
Deaths: 0/27
Pazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily
Serious: 0/16 (0%)
Deaths: 0/16

Serious adverse events (1 terms)

ReactionSystemPazopanib 5 mg/mL TIDPazopanib 2 mg/mL TIDPazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily
Atrial fibrillationCardiac disorders
Other adverse events (11 terms — click to expand)

ReactionSystemPazopanib 5 mg/mL TIDPazopanib 2 mg/mL TIDPazopanib 5 mg/mL Once Daily
HeadacheNervous system disorders
CoughRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
NauseaGastrointestinal disorders
Retinal disorderEye disorders
Vision blurredEye disorders
Detachment of retinal pigment epitheliumEye disorders
MyodesopsiaEye disorders
Visual acuity reducedEye disorders
Visual impairmentEye disorders
Oropharyngeal painRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
HypertensionVascular disorders

Most-reported serious reactions: Atrial fibrillation.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00612456 adverse events section.

Sponsor's own description

This is a 28 day study to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effect of pazopanib eye drops on the central retinal thickness of AMD patients

Publications & conference data

5 peer-reviewed publications reference this trial (live from Europe PMC):

  1. Recent Advances in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Therapies.
    Fabre M, Mateo L, Lamaa D, Baillif S, et al · · 2022 · cited 68× · PMID 36014339 · DOI 10.3390/molecules27165089
  2. Anti-angiogenic Therapy for Retinal Disease.
    Paulus YM, Sodhi A. · · 2017 · cited 43× · PMID 27783271 · DOI 10.1007/164_2016_78
  3. FDA-Approved Kinase Inhibitors in Preclinical and Clinical Trials for Neurological Disorders.
    Lui A, Vanleuven J, Perekopskiy D, Liu D, et al · · 2022 · cited 15× · PMID 36558997 · DOI 10.3390/ph15121546
  4. Rethinking the potential and necessity of drug delivery systems in neovascular age-related macular degeneration therapy.
    Huang X, Zhang L, Fu Y, Zhang M, et al · · 2023 · cited 3× · PMID 37288355 · DOI 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1199922
  5. Experimental and clinical tests of FDA-approved kinase inhibitors for the treatment of neurological disorders (update 2024).
    Aliashrafzadeh H, Liu D, De Alba S, Akbar I, et al · · 2025 · PMID 40708570 · DOI 10.37349/eds.2025.1008116

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Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing