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Zolpidem Hemitartrate
Zolpidem hemitartrate is a sedative-hypnotic that binds to GABA-A receptors in the brain to enhance inhibitory neurotransmission and promote sleep onset.
Zolpidem hemitartrate is a sedative-hypnotic that binds to GABA-A receptors in the brain to enhance inhibitory neurotransmission and promote sleep onset. Used for Insomnia (short-term treatment of sleep initiation difficulty).
At a glance
| Generic name | Zolpidem Hemitartrate |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Patz - 5mg sublingual zolpidem hemitartrate, Stilnox - 10mg oral zolpidem hemitartrate |
| Sponsor | EMS |
| Drug class | Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic (Z-drug) |
| Target | GABA-A receptor (alpha-1 subunit selective) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Neurology / Sleep Medicine |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic (Z-drug) that selectively binds to alpha-1 subunit-containing GABA-A receptors, particularly in the brain regions responsible for sleep regulation. By enhancing the inhibitory effects of GABA, it reduces neuronal excitability and facilitates the transition to sleep. The hemitartrate salt form is used to improve the drug's solubility and bioavailability.
Approved indications
- Insomnia (short-term treatment of sleep initiation difficulty)
Common side effects
- Dizziness
- Drowsiness/somnolence
- Headache
- Amnesia/memory impairment
- Complex sleep behaviors
- Dependence/tolerance
Key clinical trials
- Trial of Zolpidem for Sleep in Children With Autism (PHASE2)
- Central Sleep Apnea : Physiologic Mechanisms to Inform Treatment (PHASE4)
- Sleep Quality and the Efficacy of a Multimodal Sleep Pathway in Hospitalized Orthopedic Trauma Patients (PHASE3)
- Treatment of Disturbed Sleep in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) (PHASE4)
- Safety and Efficacy Study of YZJ-1139 Tablets in Insomnia Disorder (PHASE3)
- Partial Reinforcement II: Three Approaches to Maintenance Therapy for Chronic Insomnia (PHASE4)
- A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of JNJ-42847922 in Participants With Insomnia Disorder (PHASE2)
- The Study in Outpatient Medicine Using Nudges to Improve Sleep (NA)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- Zolpidem Hemitartrate CI brief — competitive landscape report
- Zolpidem Hemitartrate updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- EMS portfolio CI