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Zestril (lisinopril)
Zestril (generic name: lisinopril) is a Thiazide Diuretic [EPC] Small molecule drug developed by Generic (originally Merck/AstraZeneca). It is currently FDA-approved (first approved 1987) for Chronic heart failure, Hypertensive disorder, Myocardial infarction. Also known as: Zestril, Prinivil.
Inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), preventing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, lowering blood pressure and reducing cardiac workload.
Lisinopril is a small molecule that belongs to the class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and heart attacks. It is typically taken orally and may take up to four weeks to achieve its full effect.
At a glance
| Generic name | lisinopril |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Zestril, Prinivil |
| Sponsor | Generic (originally Merck/AstraZeneca) |
| Drug class | Thiazide Diuretic [EPC] |
| Target | Angiotensin-converting enzyme, Angiotensin-converting enzyme |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Cardiovascular |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
| First approval | 1987-12-29 (United States) |
Mechanism of action
Lisinopril is a lysine analog of enalaprilat and the third ACE inhibitor approved in the US. Unlike most ACE inhibitors, it is not a prodrug and does not require hepatic activation, making it suitable for patients with liver disease. It is the most prescribed ACE inhibitor in the United States, with proven benefits in heart failure, post-MI, and diabetic nephropathy.
Approved indications
- Chronic heart failure
- Hypertensive disorder
- Myocardial infarction
- Superficial Ocular Infection
Boxed warnings
- WARNING: FETAL TOXICITY When pregnancy is detected, discontinue lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide tablets as soon as possible. Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury and death to the developing fetus. See Warnings, Fetal Toxicity .
Common side effects
- Hypotension
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Cough
- Chest pain
- Hyperkalemia
- Blood urea nitrogen increase
- Serum creatinine increase
Serious adverse events
- Renal dysfunction
- Pancreatitis
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- Toxic epidermal necrolysis
- Bone marrow depression
- Hemolytic anemia
- Leukopenia/neutropenia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Vasculitis
- Myocardial infarction
Key clinical trials
- Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Lisinopril in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients (Phase 1)
- Is There an Adverse Drug Reaction Between Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade and Inhaled Anesthetics? - A Pilot Study. Optional Deoxyribo-Nucleic Acid Donation for the Study of Hypertension. (Phase 4)
- PITT0908: Clinical Trial of Coenzyme Q10 and Lisinopril in Muscular Dystrophies (Phase 2)
- PESCA - A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Cardiovascular Polypill Treatment Strategy Compared With Usual Care on Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Individuals at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease (Phase 3)
- NCT00000542 (Phase 3)
- Novel Therapies for Resistant Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (Phase 2)
- A Randomized, Balanced, Open Label, Two Treatment, Two Period, Two Sequence, Single Dose, Crossover, Bioequivalence Study of Lisinopril Tablets 40 mg With Zestril® (Lisinopril) 40 mg Tablets in Normal (Phase 1)
- Prognostic Value of the Circadian Pattern of Ambulatory Blood Pressure for Multiple Risk Assessment (Phase 4)
Patents
| Patent | Expiry | Type |
|---|---|---|
| 9616096 | 2035-11-06 | Method of Use |
| 10039800 | 2035-11-06 | Method of Use |
| 10406199 | 2035-11-06 | Method of Use |
| 12433931 | 2035-11-06 | Method of Use |
| 10265370 | 2035-11-06 | Formulation |
| 9463183 | 2035-11-06 | Formulation |
| 11179434 | 2035-11-06 | Formulation |
| 9814751 | 2035-11-06 | Formulation |
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| FDA label | Mechanism, indications, dosing, boxed warnings, drug interactions |
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
| FDA Orange Book | Patents + exclusivity |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- Zestril CI brief — competitive landscape report
- Zestril updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- Generic (originally Merck/AstraZeneca) portfolio CI
Frequently asked questions about Zestril
What is Zestril?
How does Zestril work?
What is Zestril used for?
Who makes Zestril?
What is the generic name of Zestril?
Is Zestril also known as anything else?
What drug class is Zestril in?
When was Zestril approved?
What development phase is Zestril in?
What are the side effects of Zestril?
What does Zestril target?
Related
- Drug class: All Thiazide Diuretic [EPC] drugs
- Target: All drugs targeting Angiotensin-converting enzyme, Angiotensin-converting enzyme
- Manufacturer: Generic (originally Merck/AstraZeneca) — full pipeline
- Therapeutic area: All drugs in Cardiovascular
- Indication: Drugs for Chronic heart failure
- Indication: Drugs for Hypertensive disorder
- Indication: Drugs for Myocardial infarction
- Also known as: Zestril, Prinivil
Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing