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Topical NSAID

University of Nottingham · FDA-approved active Small molecule

Topical NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes locally at the site of application to reduce prostaglandin synthesis and inflammation.

Topical NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes locally at the site of application to reduce prostaglandin synthesis and inflammation. Used for Localized musculoskeletal pain and inflammation, Topical pain relief for arthritis and soft tissue injuries.

At a glance

Generic nameTopical NSAID
Also known asIbuprofen 5% gel
SponsorUniversity of Nottingham
Drug classNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
TargetCyclooxygenase (COX-1 and/or COX-2)
ModalitySmall molecule
Therapeutic areaPain management / Rheumatology / Dermatology
PhaseFDA-approved

Mechanism of action

NSAIDs work by blocking COX-1 and/or COX-2 enzymes, which are responsible for producing prostaglandins that mediate pain, inflammation, and fever. When applied topically, the drug penetrates the skin and underlying tissues to provide localized anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects while minimizing systemic exposure. This approach reduces the risk of gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects associated with oral NSAIDs.

Approved indications

Common side effects

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

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SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results