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Silicone Oil

National Eye Institute (NEI) · FDA-approved active Small molecule ✓ Verified May 2026

Silicone Oil is a Intraocular tamponade agent Small molecule drug developed by National Eye Institute (NEI). It is currently FDA-approved for Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy, Complex retinal detachment, Retinal detachment with inferior breaks.

Silicone oil acts as a temporary intraocular tamponade agent that fills the vitreous cavity to support retinal reattachment and maintain eye shape during healing.

Silicone oil is being studied as a potential treatment for various scar-related conditions, including scar, keloid, hypertrophic scar, cicatrix, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy, through clinical trials such as NCT04169490. However, the exact mechanism of silicone oil is currently unknown, as indicated by ChEMBL.

At a glance

Generic nameSilicone Oil
SponsorNational Eye Institute (NEI)
Drug classIntraocular tamponade agent
ModalitySmall molecule
Therapeutic areaOphthalmology
PhaseFDA-approved

Mechanism of action

Silicone oil is a biocompatible, inert polymer injected into the eye to provide mechanical support and buoyancy, pushing detached retina back against the eye wall. It allows the retina to reattach while the underlying pathology (such as retinal breaks or proliferative vitreoretinopathy) is treated. The oil is eventually removed once healing is sufficient, typically after several weeks to months.

Approved indications

Common side effects

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.

SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results

Competitive intelligence

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Frequently asked questions about Silicone Oil

What is Silicone Oil?

Silicone Oil is a Intraocular tamponade agent drug developed by National Eye Institute (NEI), indicated for Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy, Complex retinal detachment, Retinal detachment with inferior breaks.

How does Silicone Oil work?

Silicone oil acts as a temporary intraocular tamponade agent that fills the vitreous cavity to support retinal reattachment and maintain eye shape during healing.

What is Silicone Oil used for?

Silicone Oil is indicated for Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy, Complex retinal detachment, Retinal detachment with inferior breaks, Traumatic retinal detachment.

Who makes Silicone Oil?

Silicone Oil is developed and marketed by National Eye Institute (NEI) (see full National Eye Institute (NEI) pipeline at /company/national-eye-institute-nei).

What drug class is Silicone Oil in?

Silicone Oil belongs to the Intraocular tamponade agent class. See all Intraocular tamponade agent drugs at /class/intraocular-tamponade-agent.

What development phase is Silicone Oil in?

Silicone Oil is FDA-approved (marketed).

What are the side effects of Silicone Oil?

Common side effects of Silicone Oil include Cataract formation, Elevated intraocular pressure, Oil emulsification, Corneal opacification, Retinal toxicity, Proliferative vitreoretinopathy recurrence.

Related

Primary sources · FDA · ClinicalTrials.gov · EMA · SEC EDGAR · ChEMBL · Wikidata · full sourcing