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SGLT2i
SGLT2 inhibitors block sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 in the kidney, reducing glucose reabsorption and increasing urinary glucose excretion.
SGLT2 inhibitors block sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 in the kidney, reducing glucose reabsorption and increasing urinary glucose excretion. Used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, Chronic kidney disease.
At a glance
| Generic name | SGLT2i |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | University of Chicago |
| Drug class | SGLT2 inhibitor |
| Target | SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Diabetes |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
SGLT2 inhibitors work by inhibiting the SGLT2 transporter protein located in the proximal tubule of the kidney. This prevents the reabsorption of filtered glucose, leading to increased urinary glucose excretion (glucosuria) and lower blood glucose levels. Beyond glycemic control, SGLT2 inhibitors provide cardiovascular and renal protective effects through mechanisms including osmotic diuresis, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced intraglomerular pressure.
Approved indications
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
- Chronic kidney disease
Common side effects
- Genital mycotic infections
- Urinary tract infections
- Polyuria
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Volume depletion
Key clinical trials
- Assessing the Efficacy of Dapagliflozin as a Vasculoprotective Treatment in Septic Shock Patients With Microcirculatory Dysfunction (PHASE3)
- Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. (NA)
- Monitoring of the Sympathetic/Vagal Balance Through Multiparametric Analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
- Vascular Complications in Patients Undergoing Peripheral Revascularization and Taking SGLT-2 Inhibitors
- SGLT2i Therapy in Islet Transplantation (SIT) (PHASE4)
- A Pan-European Post-Authorisation Safety Study: Risk of Pancreatic Cancer Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients Who Initiated Exenatide as Compared With Those Who Initiated Other Non-Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists Based Glucose Lowering Drugs
- SGLT2i Improve Left Atrial Function in Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation, Hypertension and Abnormal Glucose Metabolism (PHASE2)
- Improving Kidney Care in Type 2 Diabetes: A Study of Pharmacist Prescribing Versus Usual Care (NA)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |