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SGLT-2 inhibitors
SGLT-2 inhibitors block sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 in the kidney to reduce glucose reabsorption and increase urinary glucose excretion.
SGLT-2 inhibitors block sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 in the kidney to reduce glucose reabsorption and increase urinary glucose excretion. Used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, Chronic kidney disease.
At a glance
| Generic name | SGLT-2 inhibitors |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University |
| Drug class | SGLT-2 inhibitor |
| Target | SGLT-2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Diabetes, Cardiovascular, Nephrology |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
SGLT-2 inhibitors work by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) protein in the proximal tubule of the kidney. This transporter normally reabsorbs filtered glucose back into the bloodstream. By blocking this transporter, these drugs allow glucose to be excreted in the urine, thereby lowering blood glucose levels independently of insulin secretion. Beyond glycemic control, SGLT-2 inhibitors provide cardiovascular and renal protective effects through mechanisms including osmotic diuresis, reduced intraglomerular pressure, and improved metabolic parameters.
Approved indications
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
- Chronic kidney disease
- Cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes
Common side effects
- Genital mycotic infections
- Urinary tract infections
- Polyuria
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Hypotension
- Dehydration
Key clinical trials
- Assessing the Efficacy of Dapagliflozin as a Vasculoprotective Treatment in Septic Shock Patients With Microcirculatory Dysfunction (PHASE3)
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Use in a National Heart Failure Telemonitoring Program
- Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. (NA)
- Surgical or Medical Treatment (PHASE4)
- Sotagliflozin to Slow Kidney Function Decline in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease (PHASE3)
- Vascular Complications in Patients Undergoing Peripheral Revascularization and Taking SGLT-2 Inhibitors
- The Effect of Dapagliflozin on Exercise and Cardiac Functional Status of Patients After Fontan Procedure (PHASE4)
- SGLT2i Improve Left Atrial Function in Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation, Hypertension and Abnormal Glucose Metabolism (PHASE2)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
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