Last reviewed 2026-04-23 · How we verify

Ritalin (methylphenidate)

Ritalin (methylphenidate) works by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps to improve attention and reduce impulsivity.

Ritalin (methylphenidate) works by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps to improve attention and reduce impulsivity. Used for Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

At a glance

Mechanism of action

Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant that blocks the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine, allowing these neurotransmitters to remain in the synaptic cleft for a longer period. This leads to increased activity in the brain's reward and attention systems, resulting in improved focus and reduced impulsivity.

Approved indications

• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Common side effects

• Nausea
• Headache
• Insomnia
• Anxiety
• Dizziness

Key clinical trials

• Orexin s Role in the Neurobiology of Substance Use Disorder (NA)
• The Psychiatric and Cognitive Phenotypes in Velocardiofacial Syndrome (PHASE4)
• Benefits of ADHD Treatment in Detained People (PHASE3)
• Methylphenidate to Address Attention and Executive Deficits Among Children With Sickle Cell Disease (PHASE1)
• A Trial to Assess How Centanafadine Interacts With Stimulants in the Body (PHASE1)
• Comorbidity Between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Fibromyalgia (NA)
• The Effect Of Methylphenıdate Treatment On Neuroınflammatıon Levels In Chıldren Wıth Attentıon Defıcıt Hyperactıvıty Dısorder
• Multimodal Therapy for the Treatment of Fatigue in Patients With Prostate Cancer Receiving Radiotherapy With Androgen Deprivation Therapy (PHASE2)

Primary sources

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