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Rifampin (RIF)

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) · FDA-approved active Small molecule

Rifampin inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase, blocking transcription and preventing bacterial RNA synthesis.

Rifampin inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase, blocking transcription and preventing bacterial RNA synthesis. Used for Tuberculosis (TB), Leprosy, Atypical mycobacterial infections.

At a glance

Generic nameRifampin (RIF)
SponsorNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Drug classRifamycin antibiotic
TargetBacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP)
ModalitySmall molecule
Therapeutic areaInfectious Disease
PhaseFDA-approved

Mechanism of action

Rifampin binds to the bacterial RNA polymerase enzyme and blocks the path of elongating RNA transcripts, effectively halting bacterial gene expression. This mechanism is highly selective for bacterial RNA polymerase and has minimal effect on eukaryotic RNA polymerases, making it useful as an antibiotic. It is bactericidal and works against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as mycobacteria.

Approved indications

Common side effects

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

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SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results

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