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Preventive treatment with Isoniazid
Isoniazid inhibits mycobacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking mycolic acid production, thereby killing or stopping the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Isoniazid inhibits mycobacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking mycolic acid production, thereby killing or stopping the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Used for Preventive treatment of tuberculosis infection (latent TB infection prophylaxis).
At a glance
| Generic name | Preventive treatment with Isoniazid |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge |
| Drug class | Antimycobacterial agent |
| Target | InhA (enoyl-ACP reductase); KatG (catalase-peroxidase) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Infectious Disease |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Isoniazid is a prodrug that is activated by the mycobacterial enzyme catalase-peroxidase (KatG). Once activated, it forms a complex with NAD that inhibits InhA, an enoyl-ACP reductase essential for mycolic acid synthesis in the mycobacterial cell wall. This disruption of cell wall integrity leads to bacterial death or growth inhibition.
Approved indications
- Preventive treatment of tuberculosis infection (latent TB infection prophylaxis)
Common side effects
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Hepatotoxicity
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Drug-induced lupus
- Gastrointestinal disturbances
Key clinical trials
- An Adaptive Multi-arm Trial to Improve Clinical Outcomes Among Children Recovering From Complicated SAM (PHASE3)
- Asymptomatic TB With Innovative Modified Short-course Regimens (PHASE4)
- A Study of Daily Rifapentine Combined With Isoniazid (1HP) for Tuberculosis Prevention in Children Less Than 13 Years of Age With and Without HIV (PHASE1, PHASE2)
- ThiPhiSA: New Pathways to Prevention From Community TB Screening in South Africa (NA)
- Window Prophylaxis for Pediatric Tuberculosis Prevention Trial (NA)
- Rifapentine and Isoniazid TB Preventive Therapy (3HP) for Children Taking Dolutegravir-based Antiretroviral Treatment (DOLPHIN KIDS) (PHASE1, PHASE2)
- Comparing Treatment Completion Of Daily Rifapentine & Isoniazid For One Month (1HP) To Weekly High Dose Rifapentine & Isoniazid For 3 Months (3HP) In Persons Living With HIV and in Household Contacts of Recently Diagnosed Tuberculosis Patients (PHASE4)
- Safety and Tolerability of 1 Month Daily (1HP) and 3 Months Weekly (3HP) Isoniazid and Rifapentine With Pharmacokinetics of Dolutegravir (DTG) in Pregnant People With HIV (PHASE1, PHASE2)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
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