Last reviewed · How we verify

Placebo medication, No counseling

University of Wisconsin, Madison · FDA-approved active Small molecule

Placebo has no active pharmacological mechanism; therapeutic effects arise solely from the placebo effect and patient expectations.

Placebo has no active pharmacological mechanism; therapeutic effects arise solely from the placebo effect and patient expectations. Used for Clinical trial control arm (non-therapeutic use).

At a glance

Generic namePlacebo medication, No counseling
SponsorUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison
ModalitySmall molecule
PhaseFDA-approved

Mechanism of action

Placebo is an inert substance with no molecular target or biological activity. Any observed clinical benefit results from psychological and neurobiological processes triggered by the expectation of treatment, including activation of endogenous pain-relief pathways, reduced anxiety, and improved symptom perception. It is commonly used as a control in clinical trials to isolate the true pharmacological effects of active drugs.

Approved indications

Common side effects

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.

SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results

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