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phylloquinone (K1)
Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) acts as a cofactor for gamma-glutamyl carboxylase, enabling the post-translational carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in vitamin K-dependent proteins involved in coagulation, bone metabolism, and vascular health.
Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) acts as a cofactor for gamma-glutamyl carboxylase, enabling the post-translational carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in vitamin K-dependent proteins involved in coagulation, bone metabolism, and vascular health. Used for Vitamin K deficiency, Coagulation disorders related to vitamin K insufficiency, Bone health and osteoporosis (investigational).
At a glance
| Generic name | phylloquinone (K1) |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) |
| Drug class | Vitamin K supplement / Cofactor |
| Target | Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Nutrition / Metabolic Disorders |
| Phase | Phase 3 |
Mechanism of action
Phylloquinone is the naturally occurring form of vitamin K1 found in plants. It serves as an essential cofactor for the enzyme gamma-glutamyl carboxylase, which catalyzes the conversion of glutamic acid to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in vitamin K-dependent proteins. These proteins include coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X), osteocalcin, and matrix Gla protein, which are critical for normal hemostasis, bone mineralization, and vascular calcification regulation.
Approved indications
- Vitamin K deficiency
- Coagulation disorders related to vitamin K insufficiency
- Bone health and osteoporosis (investigational)
- Vascular calcification prevention (investigational)
Common side effects
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rare)
- Flushing
- Dyspnea (with IV formulation)
Key clinical trials
- A Study of BPM31510 With Vitamin K1 in Subjects With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma (GB) (PHASE2)
- The Role of Vitamin K on Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes (PHASE1, PHASE2)
- Effects of Vitamin K on Lower-extremity Function in Adults With Osteoarthritis: (NA)
- Better Evidence and Translation for Calciphylaxis (PHASE3)
- Vitamin K and Cognition in Coronary Heart Disease (NutriCog) (NA)
- Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Vitamin K1 in Management of Acute Variceal Bleeding (PHASE4)
- Dietary Supplements for COVID-19 (PHASE3)
- Immediate Skin-To-Skin Contact and Early Breastfeeding During Caesarean Section (NA)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
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