Last reviewed 2026-04-22 · How we verify

Nicotine patch - transdermal

Nicotine binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain, providing nicotine replacement to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings in tobacco-dependent individuals.

Nicotine binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain, providing nicotine replacement to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings in tobacco users. Used for Smoking cessation, Reduction of cigarette consumption in smokers unwilling to quit abruptly.

At a glance

Mechanism of action

Nicotine is an alkaloid that acts as an agonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. The transdermal patch delivers nicotine through the skin at a controlled rate, maintaining steady-state plasma levels and reducing the reinforcing effects of smoking while alleviating withdrawal symptoms such as irritability, anxiety, and difficulty concentrating.

Approved indications

• Nicotine dependence / smoking cessation

Common side effects

• Skin irritation at patch site
• Headache
• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Sleep disturbances
• Vivid dreams

Key clinical trials

• iCanQuit Smoking Cessation Among Hispanic Adults (PHASE3)
• Project DEDUCE: Digital Envirotyping to Develop Understanding of Cigarette Smoking and the Environment (PHASE4)
• STEPS: Substance Use Trial of E-cigarettes or Pharmacotherapy for Smoking (NA)
• Comparing Two Behavioral Approaches to Quitting Smoking in Mental Health Settings (NA)
• Effectiveness of an Integrated Treatment to Address Smoking Cessation and Anxiety/ Depression in People Living With HIV (NA)
• Varenicline and Combined NRT for Smoking Cessation (PHASE4)
• Depressed Mood Improvement Through Nicotine Dosing-3 (Depressed MIND3) Extension (PHASE2)
• Depressed Mood Improvement Through Nicotine Dosing 3 (PHASE2)

Primary sources

Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.